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: High-flow nasal therapy (HFNT) has been shown to reduce exacerbations of COPD and some evidence displays benefits in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB) patients. The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of 12 months of home HFNT on the annual exacerbation rate between mild/moderate and severe NCFB patients, classified by the bronchiectasis severity index (BSI). Secondary outcomes were the evaluation of the dyspnea, pulmonary function, and sputum cultures in both groups. : The study population included NCFB adult patients, with at least one severe exacerbation in the previous year on optimized therapy. NCFB exacerbations, dyspnea (mMRC score), pulmonary function test, and sputum cultures were assessed at baseline and after 12 months of HFNT. : A total of 86 NCFB patients were enrolled: 36 in the mild/moderate (BSI < 9) and 50 in the severe (BSI ≥ 9) group. A significant improvement in the annual exacerbation rate was found in both BSI ≥ 9 ( < 0.0001) and BSI < 9 cohorts ( < 0.0001), with a between-group difference of -1 (95% CI: -2 to 0) exacerbations per year ( = 0.0209). The change in the annual exacerbation rate was significantly correlated with BSI ( = -0.26, = 0.0151) and with HFNT daily use ( = -0.22, = 0.0460). The mMRC score significantly improved by -2 points (95% CI: -2 to -1) after treatment in both groups ( < 0.0001). The percentage of patients with colonization decreased from 34.9% to 27.9%. : Long-term HFNT reduces the annual exacerbation rate in NCFB patients and its effectiveness increases alongside disease severity and daily use of HFNT.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm13206146 | DOI Listing |
J Clin Med
October 2024
Department of Respiratory Pathophysiology and Rehabilitation, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy.
: High-flow nasal therapy (HFNT) has been shown to reduce exacerbations of COPD and some evidence displays benefits in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB) patients. The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of 12 months of home HFNT on the annual exacerbation rate between mild/moderate and severe NCFB patients, classified by the bronchiectasis severity index (BSI). Secondary outcomes were the evaluation of the dyspnea, pulmonary function, and sputum cultures in both groups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Long-term macrolide therapy for non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB) can play a significant role. However, such data are insufficient regarding the efficacy against severe exacerbation and adverse effects, including the emergence of macrolide-resistant pathogens and prolonged macrolide use beyond 1 year.
Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and prospective observational studies comparing the efficacy and safety of macrolides and placebo in adult patients with NCFB were screened on April 10, 2024.
Respir Res
May 2024
Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Patógenos, Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Background: Bronchiectasis is a condition characterized by abnormal and irreversible bronchial dilation resulting from lung tissue damage and can be categorized into two main groups: cystic fibrosis (CF) and non-CF bronchiectasis (NCFB). Both diseases are marked by recurrent infections, inflammatory exacerbations, and lung damage. Given that infections are the primary drivers of disease progression, characterization of the respiratory microbiome can shed light on compositional alterations and susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs in these cases compared to healthy individuals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Med Res
May 2024
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
Respir Med
June 2024
Lung Inflammation and Infection, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Australia.
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria associated with LRTIs are frequently associated with inefficient treatment outcomes. Antibiotic-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus, infections are strongly associated with pulmonary exacerbations and require frequent hospital admissions, usually following failed management in the community. These bacteria are difficult to treat as they demonstrate multiple adaptational mechanisms including biofilm formation to resist antibiotic threats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!