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Oxidative Stress in Cataract Formation: Is There a Treatment Approach on the Horizon? | LitMetric

Oxidative Stress in Cataract Formation: Is There a Treatment Approach on the Horizon?

Antioxidants (Basel)

Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.

Published: October 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • Cataracts are a major cause of blindness worldwide, primarily caused by oxidative stress damaging lens epithelial cells (LECs), with aging, hypertension, and diabetes as significant risk factors.
  • The global prevalence of cataracts emphasizes the importance of developing new pharmacological treatments to complement existing surgical methods.
  • This review examines the molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress in cataract formation and discusses potential new therapeutic strategies, such as antioxidant treatments.

Article Abstract

Cataracts, a leading cause of blindness worldwide, are closely linked to oxidative stress-induced damage to lens epithelial cells (LECs). Key factors contributing to cataract formation include aging, arterial hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. Given the high global prevalence of cataracts, the burden of cataract-related visual impairment is substantial, highlighting the need for pharmacological strategies to supplement surgical interventions. Understanding the molecular pathways involved in oxidative stress during cataract development may offer valuable insights for designing novel therapeutic approaches. This review explores the role of oxidative stress in cataract formation, focusing on critical mechanisms, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, loss of gap junctions, and various cell death pathways in LECs. Additionally, we discuss emerging therapeutic strategies and potential targeting options, including antioxidant-based treatments.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11505147PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox13101249DOI Listing

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