AI Article Synopsis
- Prolactin (PRL) is a hormone from the anterior pituitary that primarily regulates breast development and milk production.
- Hyperprolactinemia, or elevated PRL levels, is a common issue in medical settings, often caused by medications like antipsychotics, though it can also stem from tumors or other health conditions.
- This condition is significant for reproductive health, contributing to infertility in about 15-20% of women and causing issues like secondary amenorrhea, while also leading to hypogonadism in men.
Article Abstract
Prolactin (PRL) is a polypeptide hormone produced by the lactotrope cells of the anterior pituitary gland. Among its myriads of biological functions, PRL is the main regulator of mammary gland growth and development, as well as of the production and secretion of milk. Hyperprolactinemia represents a frequent consultation cause in medical practice. Nevertheless, elevations in serum PRL are not always pathological. Drug induced hyperprolactinemia is the most common cause, mainly by antipsychotics, followed by other causes such as pituitary neuroendocrine tumors, physiologic conditions, and systemic diseases such as chronic kidney disease and hypothyroidism. When evaluating a patient with hyperprolactinemia it is of utmost importance to consider the diverse etiologies of this condition in order to avoid unnecessary diagnostic workup and treatment. Regarding reproductive health, hyperprolactinemia is a well-documented cause of infertility, as approximately 15-20% of women undergoing infertility evaluation have hyperprolactinemia, which causes secondary amenorrhea, and other menstrual irregularities. Similarly, in men it is a cause of hypogonadism.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arcmed.2024.103102 | DOI Listing |
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