AI Article Synopsis
- The text discusses a key issue in quantum thermodynamics: determining how much work can be extracted from systems that are not in equilibrium, focusing on the differences between closed and open systems.
- It introduces the concept of extended local ergotropy, which improves upon local ergotropy by ensuring it doesn't decrease over time and can enhance work extraction potential.
- The paper presents practical examples, particularly using the Jaynes-Cummings model, to demonstrate effective methods that support these new insights and techniques.
Article Abstract
A fundamental problem in quantum thermodynamics is to properly quantify the work extractable from out-of-equilibrium systems. While for closed systems, maximum quantum work extraction is defined in terms of the ergotropy functional, this question is unclear in open systems interacting with an environment. The concept of local ergotropy has been proposed, but it presents several problems, such as it is not guaranteed to be nonincreasing in time. Here, we introduce the concept of extended local ergotropy by exploiting the free evolution of the system-environment compound. At variance with the local ergotropy, the extended local ergotropy is greater, is nonincreasing in time, and activates the potential of work extraction in many cases. We then concentrate on specific schemes in which we alternate repeated local unitaries and free system-environment evolution. We provide examples based on the Jaynes-Cummings model, presenting practical protocols and analytic results that serve as proof of principle for the aforementioned advantages.
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- The text discusses a key issue in quantum thermodynamics: determining how much work can be extracted from systems that are not in equilibrium, focusing on the differences between closed and open systems.
- It introduces the concept of extended local ergotropy, which improves upon local ergotropy by ensuring it doesn't decrease over time and can enhance work extraction potential.
- The paper presents practical examples, particularly using the Jaynes-Cummings model, to demonstrate effective methods that support these new insights and techniques.
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