AI Article Synopsis

  • Soluble CD163 (sCD163) is a key inflammatory mediator linked to both acute and chronic inflammation, and its levels in the body reflect the presence of CD163-expressing macrophages.
  • The shedding of the CD163 receptor leads to increased sCD163 concentrations, which plays various roles including scavenging hemoglobin, serving as a macrophage marker, and affecting immune responses.
  • Elevated sCD163 levels are associated with the severity and progression of various diseases like asthma, sepsis, diabetes, and rheumatoid arthritis, highlighting its importance in disease diagnosis and management.

Article Abstract

Soluble CD163 (sCD163) is a circulating inflammatory mediator, indicative of acute and chronic, systemic and non-systemic inflammatory conditions. It is the cleavage outcome, consisting of almost the entire extracellular domain, of the CD163, a receptor expressed in monocytic lineages. Its expression is proportional to the abundance of CD163 macrophages. Various mechanisms trigger the shedding of the CD163 receptor or the accumulation of CD163-expressing macrophages, inducing the sCD163 concentration in the circulation and bodily fluids. The activities of sCD163 range from hemoglobin (Hb) scavenging, macrophage marker, decoy receptor for cytokines, participation in immune defense mechanisms, and paracrine effects in various tissues, including the endothelium. It is an established marker of macrophage activation and thus participates in many diseases, including chronic inflammatory conditions, such as atherosclerosis, asthma, and rheumatoid arthritis; acute inflammatory conditions, such as sepsis, hepatitis, and malaria; insulin resistance; diabetes; and tumors. The sCD163 levels have been correlated with the severity, stage of the disease, and clinical outcome for many of these conditions. This review article summarizes the expression and role of sCD163 and its precursor protein, CD163, outlines the sCD163 generation mechanisms, the biological activities, and the known underlying molecular mechanisms, with an emphasis on its impact on the endothelium and its contribution in the pathophysiology of human diseases.

Download full-text PDF

Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11506427PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells13201679DOI Listing

Publication Analysis

Top Keywords

inflammatory conditions
12
soluble cd163
8
cd163 scd163
8
cd163 receptor
8
scd163
7
cd163
6
role soluble
4
scd163 human
4
human physiology
4
physiology pathophysiology
4

Similar Publications

Want AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?

Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!