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Enhanced characterization of wheat straw-PLA composites with silane coupling agent and alkali pretreatment.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
December 2024
Hebei University of Science and Technology, 050018, China. Electronic address:
Polylactic acid (PLA) composites with high straw content face several challenges, primarily due to the inherent brittleness of straw and its poor compatibility with the polymer matrix. In this study, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to analyze the microscopic structure of wheat straw chemically modified by NaOH and the silane coupling agent, and it was concluded that both treatments effectively removed waxes and silica from the surface of the straw, enhanced fiber roughness, and improved interfacial adhesion. Notably, the silane coupling agent treatment not only facilitated the formation of chemical bonds between the straw fibers and the PLA matrix but also filled the interfiber pores, significantly increasing the structural density.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVisualization of sucrose distribution biosynthesized in vitro from external [1-C]sorbitol in apple (Malus domestica) fruit utilizing MALDI-TOF MSI.
Food Chem
December 2024
Research Faculty and Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-8589, Japan. Electronic address:
To clarify the cause of graded distribution of sucrose in apple fruit flesh, a quarter cut of young apple fruit was cultured for 72 h on agar-solidified MS medium supplemented with 0.5 M [1-C]sorbitol, with the longitudinal or horizontal cut face being attached with the medium, and distribution of C-labelled sucrose in a specimen obtained by slicing the fruit along with the cut face was visualized utilizing MALDI-TOF MSI. Heat map images on the distribution of the peaks of sorbitol containing C-atom indicated that external [1-C]sorbitol had penetrated evenly into the tissue.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of Large Language Model-Based Offerings on the Well-Being of Students: Qualitative Study.
JMIR Form Res
December 2024
Imperial College Business School, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
Background: In recent years, the adoption of large language model (LLM) applications, such as ChatGPT, has seen a significant surge, particularly among students. These artificial intelligence-driven tools offer unprecedented access to information and conversational assistance, which is reshaping the way students engage with academic content and manage the learning process. Despite the growing prevalence of LLMs and reliance on these technologies, there remains a notable gap in qualitative in-depth research examining the emotional and psychological effects of LLMs on users' mental well-being.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSensing Technologies for Outdoor/Indoor Farming.
Biosensors (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117576, Singapore.
To face the increasing requirement for grains as the global population continues to grow, improving both crop yield and quality has become essential. Plant health directly impacts crop quality and yield, making the development of plant health-monitoring technologies essential. Variable sensing technologies for outdoor/indoor farming based on different working principles have emerged as important tools for monitoring plants and their microclimates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLignin Polyurethane Aerogels: Influence of Solvent on Textural Properties.
Gels
December 2024
Institute for Thermal Separation Processes, Hamburg University of Technology, 21073 Hamburg, Germany.
This study explores the innovative potential of native lignin as a sustainable biopolyol for synthesizing polyurethane aerogels with variable microstructures, significant specific surface areas, and high mechanical stability. Three types of lignin-Organosolv, Aquasolv, and Soda lignin-were evaluated based on structural characteristics, Klason lignin content, and particle size, with Organosolv lignin being identified as the optimal candidate. The microstructure of lignin polyurethane samples was adjustable by solvent choice: Gelation in DMSO and pyridine, with high affinity to lignin, resulted in dense materials with low specific surface areas, while the use of the low-affinity solvent e.
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