The t-SNARE protein OsSYP132 is required for vesicle fusion and root morphogenesis in rice.

Root morphogenesis is crucial for water and nutrient acquisition, but many aspects of root morphogenesis in crops are not well-understood. Here, we cloned and functionally characterized a key gene for root morphogenesis in rice (Oryza sativa) based on mutant analysis. The stop root morphogenesis 1 (srm1) mutant lacks crown roots (CRs) and lateral roots (LRs) and carries a point mutation in the t-SNARE coding gene SYNTAXIN OF PLANTS 132 (OsSYP132), leading to a premature stop codon and ablating the post-transmembrane (PTM) region of OsSYP132. We identified the functional SNARE complex OsSYP132-OsNPSN13-OsSYP71-OsVAMP721/722 and determined that the integrity of the PTM region of OsSYP132 is essential for OsSYP132-based SNARE complex-mediated fusion of OsVAMP721/722 vesicles with the plasma membrane. The loss of this region in srm1 disrupts the intercellular trafficking and plasma membrane localization of OsPIN1b, preventing proper auxin distribution in the primordia of CRs and LRs and inhibiting their outgrowth.