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Unlabelled: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by restricted and repetitive behaviors and social differences, both of which may manifest, in part, from underlying differences in corticostriatal circuits and reinforcement learning. Here, we investigated reinforcement learning in mice with mutations in either or , both high-confidence ASD risk genes associated with major syndromic forms of ASD. Using an odor-based two-alternative forced choice (2AFC) task, we tested adolescent mice of both sexes and found male and heterozygote (Het) mice showed enhanced learning performance compared to their wild type (WT) siblings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHigh Prevalence of Body Dysmorphic Disorder Among Rhinoplasty Candidates: Insights From a Cross-Sectional Study in Saudi Arabia.
Cureus
December 2024
Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU.
Background Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a psychiatric disorder characterized by excessive preoccupation with a perceived defect in one's appearance. Patients with BDD often seek cosmetic surgery to correct their perceived defect. Rhinoplasty is one of the most requested cosmetic surgeries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFResident Experiences at a Community Hospital Caring for Patients Who Are Incarcerated.
J Correct Health Care
January 2025
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Trinity Health Ann Arbor, Ypsilanti, Michigan, USA.
There is no standardized curriculum that teaches medical residents to navigate the ethical and logistical complexities of bedside care delivery to patients who are incarcerated. In this article, we describe resident physician bedside experiences at a community teaching hospital caring for patients who are incarcerated. From 2022 to 2023, residents in emergency medicine, general surgery, internal medicine, and obstetrics and gynecology were offered an anonymous survey, self-administered via REDCap software, to explore their experiences caring for this patient population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObstructive sleep apnea syndrome, orexin, and sleep-wake cycle: The link with the neurodegeneration.
Handb Clin Neurol
January 2025
Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Sleep Medicine Centre, Neurology Unit, University Hospital of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) significantly affects the sleep-wake circadian rhythm through intermittent hypoxia and chronic sleep fragmentation. OSAS patients often experience excessive daytime sleepiness, frequent awakenings, and sleep fragmentation, leading to a disrupted circadian rhythm and altered sleep-wake cycle. These disruptions may exacerbate OSAS symptoms and contribute to neurodegenerative processes, particularly through the modulation of clock gene expression such as CLOCK, BMAL1, and PER.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMeasurement and Assessment of Head-to-Helmet Contact Forces.
Ann Biomed Eng
January 2025
Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
Purpose: To evaluate the population variation in head-to-helmet contact forces in helmet users.
Methods: Four different size Kevlar composite helmets were instrumented with contact pressure sensors and chinstrap tension meters. A total number of 89 volunteers (25 female and 64 male volunteers) participated in the study.
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