Recent Advances in Wash-Free Detection Methods of Extracellular Vesicles: A Mini Review.

ACS Sens

Clinical Laboratory, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Zhongshan Road 321, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210008, China.

Published: November 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are becoming important biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis in liquid biopsies, but current detection methods often involve isolation steps that can lead to loss of EVs and inconsistent results.
  • There's a growing interest in wash-free detection methods that retain EVs and avoid background interference, enhancing the potential for accurate EV analysis.
  • The review discusses advancements in various wash-free techniques—like proximity sensing and Roman spectroscopy—and evaluates their advantages and drawbacks, while highlighting future possibilities in the field.

Article Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging biomarkers in liquid biopsy that have gained increasing attention in disease diagnosis and prognosis monitoring. Most reported detection methods require the isolation of EVs from complex body liquids, often involving multiple washing steps to remove excess reagents and eliminate background interference. Nonetheless, these methods not only cause the loss of EVs but also result in poor repeatability and prolonged detection duration. The focus on wash-free detection methods is increasing due to the specific ability to avoid the removal of surplus reagents and, in some cases, even the isolation and purification of EVs. Viewing from different methodological perspectives, this review summarizes the recent advances in wash-free detection of EVs, containing aggregation induction, proximity sensing, allosteric probes, phase separation, Roman spectroscopy, field-effect transistor and microcantilever. The pros and cons of each detection strategy are impartially evaluated and this review concludes the prospects for future developments in this field.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.4c00315DOI Listing

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