Preparation of Phosphorylated Chitosan From the Cuttlebone of Sepia pharaonis and the Effect of Concentration on Oral Clinical Pathogens.

Background: Chitosan, a biopolymer derived from chitin, has attracted scholarly interest because of its antibacterial, biocompatible, and biodegradable characteristics. We can phosphorylate the cuttlebone of , a natural source of chitin, to enhance its antimicrobial properties. Phosphorylated chitosan is promising for treating oral infections, which are the causative agents of a variety of dental disorders.

Objectives: The goal of this study is to look into how to make phosphorylated chitosan from cuttlebone and what effect different concentrations have on killing oral clinical pathogens like , , , and .

Materials And Methods: We extracted chitin and chitosan from the cuttlebone of a specimen of . We then synthesized phosphorylated chitosan by phosphorylating chitosan. We then assessed the antimicrobial activities of phosphorylated chitosan using the well diffusion method. We characterized and evaluated it using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Fourier emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD).

Results: Phosphorylated chitosan, in 100% concentration, had the highest inhibition zone of 14 ± 0.82 mm against and (14 ± 0.75). However, the two different concentrations studied showed no activity against both and .

Conclusion: This work successfully used the cuttlebone of to yield phosphorylated chitosan, subsequently demonstrating its antimicrobial potential against dental clinical pathogens. Different concentrations of phosphorylated chitosan strongly controlled its antimicrobial activity, with larger concentrations exhibiting stronger inhibitory effects. According to these findings, phosphorylated chitosan appears to be a promising material for dental care solutions that target clinical bacteria in the mouth.