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Social inequalities in adult mortality across Europe (18-21 centuries): A critical analysis of theories and evidence. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • - This study analyzes how socioeconomic disparities have influenced adult mortality rates in Europe over the last couple of centuries, revealing that health inequalities are still prevalent today despite overall improvements in population health.
  • - The research reviews historical data to highlight differences in mortality rates across social classes and regions, noting that some areas faced disparities earlier than others and examining the role of various factors like medical advances, education, and economic growth.
  • - The findings aim to enhance understanding of how policies and developments over time have impacted health outcomes, suggesting that this historical context is crucial for addressing current health inequalities effectively.

Article Abstract

This study examines the historical evolution of socioeconomic disparities in adult mortality, with a focus on European societies. Despite the widespread improvements in population health, social inequalities in mortality are a pervasive phenomenon nowadays. This paper employs a critical analysis of both theoretical and empirical literature to investigate major international studies and their findings on longevity differences associated with socioeconomic status from the nineteenth century to the early twenty-first century. Findings reveal that adult mortality trajectories have differed notably across social classes and regions, with some areas exhibiting disparities before the demographic transition and others showing inequalities emerging later. Understanding these long-term health inequality trends sheds light on the changing influence of medical advances and their interplay with economic growth, educational disparities, environmental factors, state roles, and production distribution, which have shaped mortality disparities through different development stages. These factors elucidate the international heterogeneity of results until the mid-twentieth century and offer explanatory insights into observed north-south patterns in Europe. Our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how advancements in public health, economic development, and social policies have shaped health outcomes over centuries. The implications of this research inform ongoing debates and health policy, emphasizing a nuanced interpretation of historical data to craft effective strategies that address health inequalities today.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ehb.2024.101438DOI Listing

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