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Testing how environmental variables affect the survival of freshwater turtle nests and hatchlings using artificial nests and dummy hatchlings.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Department of Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, Institute of Biology, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 6, Pécs, 7624, Hungary.
The European pond turtle (Emys orbicularis) is a wide-ranging, long-living freshwater species with low reproductive success, mainly due to high predation pressure. We studied how habitat variables and predator communities in near-natural marshes affect the survival of turtle eggs and hatchlings. We followed the survival of artificial turtle nests placed in marshes along Lake Balaton (Hungary) in May and June as well as hatchlings (dummies) exposed in September.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmigration hides the decline caused by an anthropogenic trap and drives the spectacular increase of a mobile predator.
Oecologia
December 2024
Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSIC, José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
Accurate identification of decreasing trends is a prerequisite for successful conservation, but can be challenging when immigration compensates local declines in abundance. Here, we show that a potential declining trend driven by low vital rates was overridden and converted into a spectacular increase by massive immigration into the population of a semi-social raptor, the black kite Milvus migrans, breeding in a highly contaminated area near a major landfill. Immigration was promoted by a growing food-base of live prey, coupled with the attraction exerted by the progressive gathering of a large flock of non-breeders at the area, resulting in an "attraction spiral" that lured large numbers of breeders to settle into a contaminated population incapable of self-sustenance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArtificial Light Increases Nighttime Prevalence of Predatory Fishes, Altering Community Composition on Coral Reefs.
Glob Chang Biol
December 2024
School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Artificial light at night (ALAN) is an anthropogenic pollutant that is intensifying and expanding in marine environments, but experimental studies of community-level effects are generally lacking. The inshore, shallow, and clear-water locations of coral reefs and their diverse photosensitive inhabitants make these ecosystems highly susceptible to biological disturbances; at the same time, their biodiversity and accessibility make them model systems for wider insight. Here, we experimentally manipulated ALAN using underwater LED lights on a Polynesian reef system to investigate the influence on localised nighttime fish communities compared to control sites without ALAN.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMechanisms of anti-predator behavior in the great ramshorn snail (Planorbarius corneus).
PLoS One
December 2024
School of Psychology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.
Like vertebrate animals, some invertebrates have been shown to exhibit fear- or anxiety-like behavior while in apparatus that allow choice between sheltered, darkened spaces and open, lit spaces. The behavioral mechanisms by which invertebrates accomplish this behavior, and whether those mechanisms are similar across species, has not been fully studied. Across three experiments, we investigated possible behaviors that Great Ramshorn snails (Planorbarius corneus) could use to accomplish fear behavior while in presence of the odor of a predatory fish.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCrossbreeding and Backcrossing in the Pyrethroid-Resistant Ladybird Beetle (Germar) Determines Resistance in Offspring.
Insects
October 2024
DEPA-Entomologia, Universidade Federal Rural do Pernambuco (UFRPE), Rua Dom Manoel Medeiros s/n, Dois Irmão, Recife 52171-900, PE, Brazil.
The conservation of the predatory ladybird beetle, (Germar) after its release also relies on its resistance and the performance of its progenies. When resistant individuals are released or evolve in the field through mating with susceptible pairs, we anticipate that they will generate a resistant progeny, inheriting the resistance to lambda-cyhalothrin through an autosomal mechanism. The susceptibility of a field-collected population (EcGA) was characterized and determined by the performance of their progenies generated through mating with a resistant parent (EcViR).
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