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Losartan and enalapril maleate differently influence SARS-CoV-2-infected vero cells. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • - The study examines how antihypertensive medications losartan and enalapril maleate affect SARS-CoV-2 infected Vero E6 cells, with a focus on cell viability and gene expression changes.
  • - Results showed that losartan significantly decreased levels of viral RNA, while enalapril maleate had little to no effect; both medications altered the expression of certain genes related to stress and immune response after infection.
  • - The findings suggest that losartan may provide some level of protection against the impacts of SARS-CoV-2 in infected cells, although the effectiveness and bodily responses differ between the two medications.

Article Abstract

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has posed significant challenges to global healthcare systems, particularly impacting individuals with pre-existing conditions like hypertension. This study sought to assess the impact of the antihypertensive medications, losartan and enalapril maleate on SARS-CoV-2 infected cells. Vero E6 cells were infected and treated in vitro, evaluating cell viability via the MTT colorimetric assay. Additionally, the study measured relative levels of viral RNA and selected gene messenger RNAs using reverse transcriptase followed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Results: The findings revealed that losartan substantially reduced nucleocapsid RNA levels of SARS-CoV-2 to nearly undetectable levels, while enalapril maleate did not demonstrate a significant effect. In response to viral infection, the expression of il-18, p53, p21, and p62 increased compared to uninfected-untreated cells. Notably, il-6 expression was upregulated by both infection and treatments. A comparison between infected cells treated with losartan or enalapril maleate highlighted the presence of distinct profiles in the expression of il-6, p53, p21, and p62.

Conclusions: The data from our study suggest that these medications could interfere with certain effects triggered by SARS-CoV-2 infection in Vero E6 cells. However, their influence appears to vary both quantitatively and qualitatively in the modulation of metabolic and signal transduction pathways.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11493994PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-76657-7DOI Listing

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