AI Article Synopsis
- Adjuvant therapy, specifically CEV chemotherapy, is crucial for treating high-risk unilateral retinoblastoma, but there hasn't been sufficient comparison between administering 3 vs. 6 cycles of this treatment.
- A randomized trial involving 187 patients aimed to determine if 3 cycles of CEV chemotherapy is as effective as 6 cycles in terms of disease-free survival after enucleation.
- The results showed that the 3-cycle regimen had comparable disease-free survival rates and was associated with fewer adverse events and lower costs, suggesting it could be a more efficient treatment option.
Article Abstract
Importance: Adjuvant therapy is an important and effective treatment for retinoblastoma. However, there is a lack of head-to-head clinical trials comparing 3 vs 6 cycles of CEV chemotherapy (carboplatin, etoposide, and vincristine) for enucleated unilateral retinoblastoma with high-risk pathological features.
Objective: To assess whether 3 cycles of CEV chemotherapy is noninferior to 6 cycles for enucleated unilateral retinoblastoma with high-risk pathological features.
Design, Setting, And Participants: This double-center, randomized, open-label, noninferiority trial was conducted at 2 premier eye centers in China and included 187 patients who had undergone enucleation for unilateral retinoblastoma with high-risk pathological features (massive choroidal infiltration, retrolaminar optic nerve invasion, or scleral infiltration) between August 2013 and March 2024. The final date of follow-up was March 21, 2024.
Interventions: Patients were randomly assigned to receive either 3 (n = 94) or 6 (n = 93) cycles of CEV chemotherapy regimen after enucleation.
Main Outcomes And Measures: The primary end point was disease-free survival, with a noninferiority margin of 12%. Secondary end points encompassed overall survival, safety, economic burden, and the quality of life of children.
Results: All 187 patients (median [IQR] age, 25.0 [20.0-37.0] months; 83 [44.4%] female) completed the trial. Median (IQR) follow-up was 79.0 (65.5-102.5) months. Five-year disease-free survival was 90.4% for the 3-cycle group vs 89.2% for the 6-cycle group (difference, 1.2% [95% CI, -7.5% to 9.8%]), which met the noninferiority criterion (P = .003 for noninferiority). The 6-cycle group experienced a higher frequency of adverse events, greater reduction in quality of life scores, and increased costs compared with the 3-cycle group.
Conclusions And Relevance: Among patients with unilateral pathologic high-risk retinoblastoma, 3 cycles of CEV chemotherapy resulted in 5-year disease-free survival that was noninferior to 6 cycles of CEV chemotherapy.
Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01906814.
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Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11494464 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.2024.19981 | DOI Listing |
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