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System vaccinology analysis of predictors and mechanisms of antibody response durability to multiple vaccines in humans.
Nat Immunol
January 2025
Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
We performed a systems vaccinology analysis to investigate immune responses in humans to an H5N1 influenza vaccine, with and without the AS03 adjuvant, to identify factors influencing antibody response magnitude and durability. Our findings revealed a platelet and adhesion-related blood transcriptional signature on day 7 that predicted the longevity of the antibody response, suggesting a potential role for platelets in modulating antibody response durability. As platelets originate from megakaryocytes, we explored the effect of thrombopoietin (TPO)-mediated megakaryocyte activation on antibody response longevity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIdentification of a broad-inhibition influenza neuraminidase antibody from pre-existing memory B cells.
Cell Host Microbe
December 2024
Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Multi-Omics in Infection and Immunity, Center for Infectious Disease Research, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; School of Life Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. Electronic address:
Identifying broadly reactive B precursor cells and conserved epitopes is crucial for developing a universal flu vaccine. In this study, using influenza neuraminidase (NA) mutant probes, we find that human pre-existing NA-specific memory B cells (MBCs) account for ∼0.25% of total MBCs, which are heterogeneous and dominated by class-unswitched MBCs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpatio-temporal dynamics and risk cluster analysis of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) in poultry: Advancing outbreak management through customized regional strategies in Egypt.
Open Vet J
November 2024
Department of Animal Hygiene and Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, Egypt.
Background: Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) (H5N1) has been endemic in Egypt for almost two decades, profoundly impacting both the poultry industry and public health. Egypt stands as a prominent epicenter for HPAI H5N1 outbreaks in Africa, marked by the highest number of positive human cases. Despite continuous governmental efforts, prior research underscored the inadequacy of strategies in controlling the virus spread.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImmunogenicity of Inactivated H5 Avian Influenza Vaccine Used in Commercial Laying Pullet in Tehran Province, Iran.
Arch Razi Inst
June 2024
Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) is a viral disease caused by some H5 and H7 subtypes of influenza virus type A in most species of birds, especially poultry. HPAI viruses are among the most challenging viruses that threaten both human and animal health. Consequently, various strategies, such as the use of vaccines have been proposed to control the disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReplication Kinetics, Pathogenicity and Virus-induced Cellular Responses of Cattle-origin Influenza A(H5N1) isolates from Texas, United States.
Emerg Microbes Infect
December 2024
Host-pathogen interactions (HPI) and Disease Intervention and Prevention (DIP) programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA.
The host range of HPAIV H5N1 was recently expanded to include ruminants, particularly dairy cattle in the United States (US). Shortly after, human H5N1 infection was reported in a dairy worker in Texas following exposure to infected cattle. Herein, we rescued the cattle-origin influenza A/bovine/Texas/24-029328-02/2024(H5N1, rHPbTX) and A/Texas/37/2024(H5N1, rHPhTX) viruses, identified in dairy cattle and human, respectively, and their low pathogenic forms, rLPbTX and rLPhTX, with monobasic HA cleavage sites.
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