Serum Homocysteine Levels and Their Relationship With Serum Vitamin B12, Folate, and Ferritin Levels in Transfusion-Dependent Thalassemic Children.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess serum homocysteine levels and their relationship with serum vitamin B12, folate, and ferritin levels in transfusion-dependent thalassemic children. This study was proposed due to a paucity of literature regarding the status of homocysteine levels in thalassemic children and their relationship with the levels of vitamins and iron overload (serum ferritin values).

Methodology: A descriptive observational study was conducted on transfusion-dependent thalassemic children aged 1-18 years, who were registered at the Thalassemia Day Care Centre (TDCC), Umaid Hospital, Dr. SN Medical College, Jodhpur, over a period of six months.

Results: A total of 100 children were enrolled in the study, with a mean age of 8.89±4.50 years. The mean pre-transfusion hemoglobin level in the last six months was 8.23±1.02 gm/dL. The mean serum levels of homocysteine, vitamin B12, folic acid, and ferritin were 10.93±3.72 µmol/L, 164.03±80.54 pg/mL, 7.69±5.77 ng/mL, and 2175.78±1341.39 ng/mL, respectively. A statistically significant negative correlation was detected between serum vitamin B12 concentration and serum homocysteine concentration (r=-0.285, p=0.004). Statistically non-significant positive correlations were detected between serum folic acid and serum homocysteine levels (r=0.033, p=0.748) and between serum ferritin and serum homocysteine levels (r=0.179, p=0.075).

Conclusion: A statistically significant negative correlation between serum homocysteine and vitamin B12 levels was noted, whereas statistically non-significant positive correlations were observed between serum homocysteine and serum folic acid levels and between serum homocysteine and serum ferritin levels.