We study living liquid crystals (LLCs), which are an amalgam of nematic liquid crystals (LCs) and active matter (AM). These LLCs are placed in contact with surfaces which impose planar/homeotropic boundary conditions on the director field of the LC and the polarization field of the AM. The interplay of LC-AM interactions and the surface-directed conditions yield controlled pattern dynamics in the LLC, which has important technological implications. We discuss two representative examples of this pattern dynamics.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.110.034701 | DOI Listing |
ACS Macro Lett
January 2025
Department of Physics, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, United States.
We investigate the impact of poly adenine (poly-A) sequences on the type and stability of liquid crystalline (LC) phases formed by concentrated solutions of gapped DNA (two duplex arms bridged by a flexible single strand) using synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering and polarizing optical microscopy. While samples with mixed sequence form layered (smectic) phases, poly-A samples demonstrate a columnar phase at lower temperatures (5-35 °C), not previously observed in GDNA samples, and a smectic-B phase of exceptional stability at higher temperatures (35-65 °C). We present a model that connects the formation of these LC phases with the unique characteristics of poly-A sequences, which manifest in various biological contexts, including DNA condensation and nucleosome formation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States.
Metal flux methods are excellent for synthesizing high-quality hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) crystals, but the atomic mechanisms of hBN nucleation and growth in these systems are poorly understood and difficult to probe experimentally. Here, we harness classical reactive molecular dynamics (ReaxFF) to unravel the mechanisms of hBN synthesis from liquid nickel solvent over time scales up to 30 ns. These simulations mimic experimental conditions by including relatively large liquid nickel slabs containing dissolved boron and a molecular nitrogen gas phase.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCarbohydr Polym
March 2025
Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources and International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China. Electronic address:
3D printing technology is one of the most promising strategies for constructing topological functional materials. The development of functional inks is a core issue in the technical development of 3D printing technology. In this study, we engineered photonic crystal inks based on chiral nematic liquid crystals of cellulose derivative, i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSoft Matter
January 2025
School of Chemistry and University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
Self-assembly of amphiphilic molecules can take place in extremely concentrated salt solutions, such as inorganic molten salt hydrates or hydrous melts. The intermolecular interactions governing the organization of amphiphilic molecules under such extreme conditions are not yet fully understood. In this study, we investigated the specific effects of ions on the self-assembly of the non-ionic surfactant CH(OCHCH)OH (CE) under extreme salt concentrations, using calcium nitrate tetrahydrate as a reference.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMacromol Rapid Commun
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou Magnetic Resonance Center, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
Residual dipolar coupling (RDC) not only contributes to the dynamic analysis of proteins but also provides a robust route for the structure determination of small organic compounds. An essential prerequisite for this methodology is the availability of alignment media. Herein, a series of novel peptide-based alignment media are generated by introducing D-type or halogen-bearing amino acids for RDC measurements.
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