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Telomerase in cancer- ongoing quest and future discoveries.
Mol Biol Rep
January 2025
Department of Integrative Biology, School of Bio-Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
Telomerase, constituted by the dynamic duo of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT), the catalytic entity, and an integral RNA component (TERC), is predominantly suppressed in differentiated human cells due to postnatal transcriptional repression of the TERT gene. Dysregulation of telomerase significantly contributes to cancer development via telomere-dependent and independent mechanisms. Telomerase activity is often elevated in advanced cancers, with TERT reactivation and upregulation of TERC observed in early tumorigenesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmerging Roles of TRIM56 in Antiviral Innate Immunity.
Viruses
January 2025
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
The tripartite-motif protein 56 (TRIM56) is a RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase whose functions were recently beginning to be unveiled. While the physiological role(s) of TRIM56 remains unclear, emerging evidence suggests this protein participates in host innate defense mechanisms that guard against viral infections. Interestingly, TRIM56 has been shown to pose a barrier to viruses of distinct families by utilizing its different domains.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPyrrolysine Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase as a Tool for Expanding the Genetic Code.
Int J Mol Sci
January 2025
Biotechnology Department, Sirius University of Science and Technology, 354349 Sirius, Russia.
In addition to the 20 canonical amino acids encoded in the genetic code, there are two non-canonical ones: selenocysteine and pyrrolysine. The discovery of pyrrolysine synthetases (PylRSs) was a key event in the field of genetic code expansion research. The importance of this discovery is mainly due to the fact that the translation systems involving PylRS, pyrrolysine tRNA (tRNA) and pyrrolysine are orthogonal to the endogenous translation systems of organisms that do not use this amino acid in protein synthesis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPediatric pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma with a non-canonical BRAF-KMT2C fusion and a classic SND1-BRAF fusion: a case report and literature review.
BMC Pediatr
January 2025
Department of Pediatric, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
Background: Pediatric pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma (PACC) is an exceptionally rare and poorly understood malignancy with a challenging prognosis. Its clinical presentation is often atypical, and standardized treatment guidelines are currently unavailable. While genetic alterations in adult PACC have been studied to some extent, knowledge of genetic abnormalities in pediatric cases remains limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe ASPARAGINE-RICH PROTEIN-LYST-INTERACTING PROTEIN5 complex regulates non-canonical AUTOPHAGY8 degradation in Arabidopsis.
Plant Physiol
January 2025
State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
The endocytic and autophagic pathways play important roles in abiotic stress responses and maintaining cellular homeostasis in plants. Asparagine Rich Proteins (NRPs) are plant-specific stress-responsive proteins that are involved in many abiotic stress-related signaling pathways. We previously demonstrated that NRP promotes PIN FORMED 2 (PIN2) vacuolar degradation to maintain PIN2 homeostasis under abscisic acid (ABA) treatment in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).
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