Since the commercialization in 1995, termite baits have been introduced in 32 countries, protecting over 3.7 million homes and reducing pesticide use by more than 11,100 metric tons. Over the past 3 decades, advancements have been made to address the limitations of bait systems, including improvements in bait toxicants, bait matrices, and the frequency of required site visits. Termite baits have been applied in both commercial and experimental area-wide projects. This article discusses the factors contributing to the success of these projects and the key elements driving the progress and advancements in termite bait technology.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toae224 | DOI Listing |
J Econ Entomol
December 2024
Urban Entomology, Partho Dhang Consultancy, Makati City, Philippines.
Chlorfluazuron was discovered and developed in the Asia-Pacific region by Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha (ISK) Japan and launched in the 1980s. The compound is a benzoylphenyl urea and acts as an insect growth regulator by inhibiting chitin synthesis in insects. Subsequently, Ensystex developed chlorfluazuron for termite baits, with test results demonstrating that it met key criteria for good termite baits.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Econ Entomol
November 2024
Department of Entomology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung City, Taiwan.
Fungus-growing termites (Termitidae: Macrotermitinae) exhibit significant diversity and abundance in tropical and subtropical ecosystems. Fungus-growing termites consume a wide range of materials, including leaf litter, woody debris, agricultural crops, and wooden structures, including houses. Their presence in termite baiting stations can impede the control of other residential termite pests, such as Coptotermes spp.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Econ Entomol
October 2024
Ft. Lauderdale Research and Education Center, Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA.
The Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki, is both an economically impactful pest and a successful invader. One method of subterranean termite control is baiting. According to the label, baits are installed surrounding the structure at a uniform interval distance of ≈3 m.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Econ Entomol
October 2024
Department of Entomology and Nematology, Ft. Lauderdale Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA.
In 1995, the launch of the first commercial chitin synthesis inhibitor (CSI) bait led to the transformation of the subterranean termite control industry around the world. Their slow mode of action, which relies on both their ability to be transferred among nestmates and termite molting biology, has made them cost-effective solutions for subterranean termite colony elimination while minimizing the introduction of pesticides into the soil toward an environmentally sustainable strategy. However, despite successful commercial implementations, the acceptance of their use varies within the pest control industry around the world.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Econ Entomol
October 2024
Entomology and Nematology Department, Ft. Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, USA.
Since the commercialization in 1995, termite baits have been introduced in 32 countries, protecting over 3.7 million homes and reducing pesticide use by more than 11,100 metric tons. Over the past 3 decades, advancements have been made to address the limitations of bait systems, including improvements in bait toxicants, bait matrices, and the frequency of required site visits.
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