The relationship between sensory processing, executive function, and behavior in children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is far from clear. The aim of this study was to examine the mediating role of executive function in the relationship between sensory processing and behavior in ADHD. Sixty-three children (51 boys), aged between 7 and 14 years participated in this study. Caregivers completed the Sensory Profile 2 (SP-2), the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function 2 (BRIEF-2), and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) to assess sensory processing, executive function, and behavior, respectively. Positive and significant associations were found between sensory processing, executive function, and behavioral problems. In addition, positive indirect effects between sensory processing and behavior were mediated by executive function. These findings add to other evidence on neurodevelopmental disorders, suggesting that sensory processing may be a foundational aspect related to executive function, which in turn affects behavior in ADHD.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09297049.2024.2414875 | DOI Listing |
Int J Mol Sci
December 2024
Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences-National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, Vinča, 11351 Belgrade, Serbia.
Technological development has led to the need for materials able to block electromagnetic waves (EMWs) emitted from various devices. EMWs could negatively affect the working performance and lifetime of multiple instruments and measuring devices. New EMW shielding materials are being developed, while among nanomaterials, graphene-based composites have shown promising features.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChildren (Basel)
December 2024
Facultad de Psicología y Logopedia, Instituto Universitario de Neurociencias de la Universidad de La Laguna (IUNE), Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Spain.
Background: Children with a developmental language disorder (DLD) frequently experience deficits in cognitive skills such as working memory (WM) and sustained attention (SA), which are closely related to language development. Yet, these cognitive deficits remain underexplored in early childhood, particularly during the preschool years.
Objective: This study explores WM and SA in Chilean preschoolers with a DLD compared to their typically developing (TD) peers, using the nonverbal tasks "Torpo the Clumsy Mole" for WM and the Continuous Performance Task (CPT) "Duno and the Worms" for SA, both from the Child Neuropsychological Evaluation Test (TENI in Spanish).
Children (Basel)
November 2024
Faculty of Education, Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
Unlabelled: Although the literature confirms executive deficits in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) that hinder adaptation, evidence-based intervention programs targeting this area are scarce, and even fewer have evaluated their effectiveness.
Objectives: This study aimed to assess a pilot program designed to improve the executive functions of a child five years and nine months in age with ASD.
Methods: To evaluate the effects of the intervention, observational methodology was used, which is considered a mixed method in itself as it integrates both qualitative and quantitative elements in its various phases.
Biomedicines
November 2024
Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Salamanca, Avenida de la Merced, 109, 37005 Salamanca, Spain.
: Overweight and obesity are global public health problems associated with chronic disease and mental health. Physical activity (PA) is essential throughout a person's life; an active lifestyle helps people to live healthier lives and improve their functional and mental abilities, such as executive function (EF). This systematic review aimed to analyze the evidence on the effects of PA on EF in overweight and/or obese adults (≥18 years old).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomedicines
November 2024
State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Background/objectives: Levo-Stepholidine (-SPD), a compound extracted from Chinese herbs, has the potential to treat psychotic disorders where cognitive deficits are a critical challenge. -SPD displays a D1R agonism/D2R antagonism pharmacological profile, and its effect on cognitive function is still vague and lacks comprehensive study. Here, we investigated the impact of l-SPD on two core indexes of executive function, working memory and response inhibition, and learning and memory.
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