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NIST Mass Spectral Libraries in the Context of the Circular Economy of Plastics.
J Am Soc Mass Spectrom
January 2025
Mass Spectrometry Data Center, Biomolecular Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20899, United States.
The Mass Spectrometry Data Center (MSDC) has recently started improving existing libraries and creating new ones for identifying and analyzing plastics-related compounds (PRC) and materials (PRM) as part of the NIST circular economy program. PRC are small molecules of dissimilar chemical nature; hence, to increase coverage, we have used three types of ionizations: EI, ESI, and APCI. PRM are solids that include polymers, polymer mixtures, and commercial plastics, so we have used pyrolysis-gas chromatography (py-GC-MS) to create a new searchable library.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUsing DNA metabarcoding and direct behavioural observations to identify the diet of proboscis monkeys (Nasalis larvatus) in the Kinabatangan Floodplain, Sabah.
PLoS One
January 2025
Danau Girang Field Centre, c/o Sabah Wildlife Department, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia.
Characterizing the feeding ecology of threatened species is essential to establish appropriate conservation strategies. We focused our study on the proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus), an endangered primate species which is endemic to the island of Borneo. Our survey was conducted in the Lower Kinabatangan Wildlife Sanctuary (LKWS), a riverine protected area that is surrounded by oil palm plantations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBias in adjudication: Investigating the impact of artificial intelligence, media, financial and legal institutions in pursuit of social justice.
PLoS One
January 2025
School of Law, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
The latest global progress report highlights numerous challenges in achieving justice goals, with bias in artificial intelligence (AI) emerging as a significant yet underexplored issue. This paper investigates the role of AI in addressing bias within the judicial system to promote equitable social justice. Analyzing weekly data from January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2023, through wavelet quantile correlation, this study examines the short, medium, and long-term impacts of integrating AI, media, international legal influence (ILI), and international financial institutions (IFI) as crucial factors in achieving Sustainable Development Goal 16 (SDG-16), which focuses on justice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnhancing the productivity and resilience of rice () under environmental stress conditions using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) technology.
Funct Plant Biol
January 2025
National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), NARC, Park Road, Islamabad 45500, Pakistan.
Rice (Oryza sativa ) is a crucial staple crop worldwide, providing nutrition to more than half of the global population. Nonetheless, the sustainability of grain production is increasingly jeopardized by both biotic and abiotic stressors exacerbated by climate change, which increases the crop's rvulnerability to pests and diseases. Genome-editing by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats and CRISPR-associated Protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) presents a potential solution for enhancing rice productivity and resilience under climatic stress.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTinnitus prevalence and associations with leisure noise exposure among Canadians, aged 6 to 79 years.
Int J Audiol
January 2025
Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada.
Objective: To examine the association between individual, cumulative leisure noise exposure (CLNE), acceptable yearly exposure (AYE) and tinnitus among a nationally representative sample of Canadians.
Design: In-person household questionnaires were used to evaluate leisure noise exposure across age, sex, household income and tinnitus: ever experienced, previous year, frequent, bothersome. High (≥85 dBA, LEX), low (<85 dBA, LEX) CLNE and AYEs were defined according to occupational limits.
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