AI Article Synopsis
- * Two distinct macrophage populations exist in the testes of juveniles and adults, each with specific functions and locations: interstitial macrophages are connected to Leydig cells, while peritubular macrophages surround seminiferous tubules.
- * The origins of testicular macrophages are debated, with some research indicating they come from the yolk sac and others suggesting they derive from monocytes in the bone marrow.
Article Abstract
Testicular macrophages are the principal immune cells in the testis. In addition to their classical immune roles, they regulate male hormone synthesis by Leydig cells, regeneration of Leydig cells, spermatogonia proliferation and differentiation, maintenance of testis-specific environment for sperm formation, and testis development. The juvenile and adult testes contain two distinct macrophage populations with unique tissue localization, genetic markers, morphology, and function. The interstitial macrophages are physically and functionally connected to Leydig cells, while the peritubular macrophages localize around the seminiferous tubules and are crucial for spermatogonia differentiation. Macrophages in the fetal testes regulate testis vasculature formation and clearance of mislocated cells. The origin of testicular macrophages is unclear. Some studies suggest their origin from the yolk sac and others from the bone marrow-derived monocytes. We discuss this issue at the end of this review article.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-65944-7_5 | DOI Listing |
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