Whey protein concentrates (WPCs) are gaining importance as a functional ingredient due to their high technological and functional properties and their diverse application in the food industry. In this study, Camel milk whey (CW) was separated from skimmed camel milk, then either spray-dried (SD) at 170, 185 and 200 °C, or treated by ultrasonication (US) (20 kHz) for 5, 10 and 15 min followed by freeze-drying to obtain camel milk whey powder (CWP). The structural analysis of CWP was carried out by Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) which showed no significant difference in the functional groups profile of US samples compared to control and SD samples. US samples showed some degree of crystallinity that was comparable to the control samples, while SD samples exhibited very low degree of crystallinity. The surface morphology, particle size, and surface charge of CWP were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Zetasizer. The lowest particle size of 215.1 nm with surface charge of -21.6 mv was observed in SD-185 WPC. Moreover, SD samples revealed whiter color compared to the US-treated samples which were having lower L* values (P < 0.05). US-15 sample exhibited high protein solubility (100 %), whereas the SD-200 sample showed reduced solubility (92.7 %). Improvement in the emulsifying activity of CWP samples was observed after SD and US, with highest emulsifying activity index (EAI) values of 143.75 m/g and 143.11 m/g were reported for SD-185 and US-15 CWP samples, respectively. To conclude, SD and US were found to improve the physico-chemical, technological, and functional properties of CWP, and thus can be utilized as a promising strategy to preserve and enhance the technofunctional properties of CWP.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.107097 | DOI Listing |
Food Funct
December 2024
Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt.
Camel milk has a unique composition that sets it apart from other types of animal milk, which has captured the interest of medical and scientific communities. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mainly contain exosomes (Exos, 30-200 nm) and microvesicles (MVs, 200-1000 nm). Camel milk EVs, particularly Exos, which we named EVs/Exos, have arisen as a fascinating area of scientific inquiry, holding enormous potential for the future of biomedicine due to their anticancer, antibacterial, antidiabetic nephropathy, and immunostimulatory impacts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Chem
December 2024
Edith Cowan University, School of Science, Joondalup, WA 6027, Australia; Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, Australia; Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, 306 Carmody Rd, St Lucia Agriculture and Food, Brisbane, QLD 4067, Australia. Electronic address:
Bovine milk has dominated the dairy segment, yet alternative milk sources are gaining attention due to perceived superior health benefits, with immune proteins and bioactive peptides (BPs) contributing to these benefits. Fractionation affects protein recovery and composition. Here, the cream fraction resulted in the highest yield of proteins, identifying 1143 camel and 851 cow proteins.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFolia Microbiol (Praha)
December 2024
Gasteroenterohepatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has the highest mortality rate among cancer types, emphasizing the need for auxiliaries to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) due to resistance and side effects. Metabolites produced by probiotic bacteria exhibit promising anticancer properties against CRC. In the current study, the anticancer effects of cell extract of three potential probiotic lactobacilli strains isolated from camel milk, Lactobacillus helveticus, Lactobacillus gallinarum, and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, as well as that of the standard probiotic strain Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG), on the human colon cancer cell line (HT-29) and the normal HEK293 cell line separately or in combination with 5-FU, were evaluated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Biol Macromol
December 2024
Department of Dairy Science, Faculty of Desert and Environmental Agriculture, Matrouh University, Matrouh, Egypt.
The heart of the date palm is a nutrient-rich vegetable found at the center of palm trees, abundant in protein and dietary fiber, primarily made up of carbohydrates. Preliminary studies indicate that the heart of the date palm possesses healing properties, exhibiting potent cytotoxic effects against HepG2 cells, suggesting its potential in cancer treatment. A low-fat ice cream was created using camel milk, enriched with varying amounts of heart of date palm-4 %, 8 %, and 12 % of the mix-as a source of bioactive compounds, protein, and carbohydrates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Public Health
December 2024
Department of Veterinary Epidemiology and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Background And Objective: Brucellosis is a neglected zoonotic disease caused by Brucella species. Unlike most developed nations, the problem of brucellosis in Ethiopia remains a public and animal health concern. This study was conducted to determine the magnitude of brucellosis in animals (mainly cattle, sheep, goats, dogs and camels) and humans, and to identify the risk factors for human brucellosis.
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