AI Article Synopsis

  • - **Objective**: The study aimed to investigate the link between maternal diabetes during pregnancy and subtle changes in the heart structure and function of infants, specifically looking at the effects of both preexisting diabetes and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
  • - **Methods**: Researchers analyzed data from 25,486 infants who underwent heart ultrasound within their first two months. They used linear regression to evaluate differences in heart measurements between infants exposed to maternal diabetes and those who were not.
  • - **Results**: Infants whose mothers had preexisting diabetes showed significant changes like thicker heart walls, smaller heart dimensions, lower blood flow, and faster heart rates compared to unexposed infants. Those born to mothers with GDM had similar,

Article Abstract

Objective: Prenatal exposure to maternal diabetes is associated with an increased risk of offspring heart defects. We evaluated associations with subtle infant cardiac changes.

Research Design And Methods: In a cohort of 25,486 infants with transthoracic echocardiography within 60 days of birth, we investigated associations between maternal preexisting diabetes and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and infant left ventricular (LV) structural and functional parameters, using linear regression to estimate adjusted mean differences (aMDs) between groups.

Results: Infants exposed to maternal preexisting diabetes (n = 198) had thicker LV posterior walls (aMD 0.19 mm; 95% CI 0.11, 0.27), smaller LV internal diameters in systole (aMD -0.27 mm; 95% CI -0.45, -0.18) and diastole (aMD -0.37 mm; 95% CI -0.59, -0.09), reduced stroke volumes (aMD -0.36 mL; 95% CI -0.61, -0.11), and increased heart rates (aMD 3.14 bpm; 95% CI 1.10, 6.18) and mitral valve early peak velocities (aMD 2.17 cm/s; 95% CI 0.31, 4.04) than unexposed infants (n = 24,639). Infants born to mothers with GDM (n = 649) had significantly smaller LV internal diameters in systole (aMD -0.13 mm; 95% CI -0.22, -0.03) and similar structural and functional changes as children exposed to preexisting diabetes, albeit with smaller nonsignificant aMDs. Higher third-trimester HbA1c levels were associated with smaller LV internal diameters and stroke volumes in infants exposed to preexisting diabetes and with lower heart rates in infants exposed to GDM.

Conclusions: Maternal preexisting diabetes and, to a lesser extent, GDM were associated with changes in infant LV structure and function.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.2337/dc24-0936DOI Listing

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