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Projections of Public Spending on Pharmaceuticals: A Review of Methods.
Pharmacoeconomics
January 2025
Belgian Health Care Knowledge Centre, Brussels, Belgium.
Background: Forecasting future public pharmaceutical expenditure is a challenge for healthcare payers, particularly owing to the unpredictability of new market introductions and their economic impact. No best-practice forecasting methods have been established so far. The literature distinguishes between the top-down approach, based on historical trends, and the bottom-up approach, using a combination of historical and horizon scanning data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAre there atypical sites of IgG4 related disease in head and neck region? Personal experience and literature review.
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol
January 2025
Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, IRCSS AOU San Martino, University of Genoa, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16132, Genoa, Italy.
Purpose: Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a complex systemic fibroinflammatory condition with different clinical manifestations affecting multiple organ systems. Despite its rarity, the disease presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to its mimicry of malignancies and other immune-mediated disorders. The 2019 American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism Classification Criteria for IgG4-Related Disease is the current state of art to confirm the diagnosis of IgG4-RD even in the absence of histological analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAutomatic 4D mitral valve segmentation from transesophageal echocardiography: a semi-supervised learning approach.
Med Biol Eng Comput
January 2025
Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
Performing automatic and standardized 4D TEE segmentation and mitral valve analysis is challenging due to the limitations of echocardiography and the scarcity of manually annotated 4D images. This work proposes a semi-supervised training strategy using pseudo labelling for MV segmentation in 4D TEE; it employs a Teacher-Student framework to ensure reliable pseudo-label generation. 120 4D TEE recordings from 60 candidates for MV repair are used.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPercutaneous hallux fusion with calcaneus bone autograft: a retrospective cohort study of clinical and radiographic outcomes.
Arch Orthop Trauma Surg
January 2025
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Columbia University Orthopedics at Mount Sinai Medical Center, 4302 Alton Road, Suite 220, Miami Beach, FL, 33140, USA.
Background: In the case of end-stage hallux rigidus, first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint arthrodesis is the gold-standard and is traditionally performed via an open approach. However, complications such as nonunion have been reported to be as high as 30%. Recently, there have been reports demonstrating a percutaneous approach to be effective and safe.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSuppressing the progression of bladder cancer using cyclovirobuxine D based on network pharmacology and bioinformatics approaches.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol
January 2025
Department of Urology, Affiliated Xi'an Peoples Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital) of Northwest University, Xi'an, 710000, China.
Limited treatment options are available for bladder cancer (BCa) resulting in extremely high mortality rates. Cyclovirobuxine D (CVB-D), a naturally alkaloid, reportedly exhibits notable antitumor activity against diverse tumor types. However, its impact on CVB-D on BCa and its precise molecular targets remain unexplored.
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