AI Article Synopsis
- Researchers developed a new type of hollow covalent organic framework (HCOF), named Fe-HCOF-PEG, modified to improve photodynamic therapy (PDT) effectiveness in cancer treatment, particularly in hypoxic (low oxygen) environments.
- The nanoparticles incorporate iron and are designed to enhance tumor elimination through both PDT (type I and II) and ferroptosis, a process of programmed cell death, enabling them to work effectively in different oxygen levels.
- Fe-HCOF-PEG shows promising antitumor effects and could potentially be translated into clinical applications for cancer therapy.
Article Abstract
Background: The hypoxic tumor microenvironment and single mechanisms severely limit the photodynamic therapy (PDT) efficiency of covalent organic framework (COF) nanoparticles in cancer treatment.
Purpose: Here, we propose an iron-loaded, hydrophilic 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(polyethylene glycol)-2000] (DSPE-PEG2000)-modified hollow covalent organic framework (HCOF), Fe-HCOF-PEG, for use in hypoxic PDT and ferroptosis therapy owing to its type I and II photodynamic ability and iron nanoparticle loading property.
Results: Fe-HCOF-PEG nanoparticles (Fe-HCOFs-PEG) with semiconducting polymers and microporous skeletons allow efficient photophysical properties. Moreover, the iron nanoparticles on Fe-HCOF-PEG caused ferroptosis and further enhanced tumor elimination under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. DSPE-PEG endowed Fe-HCOF-PEG with hydrophilicity, allowing it to circulate and accumulate in organs rich in blood supply, especially tumors. 808 nm NIR activated Fe-HCOF-PEG aggregated in tumors and significantly inhibited tumor growth under hypoxia.
Conclusion: To our knowledge, Fe-HCOF-PEG is the leading combination of type I/II PDT and ferroptosis. The strong antitumor effects of this nanomaterial suggest prospects for clinical translation as a tumor nanotherapy drug.
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|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11468433 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/IJN.S479848 | DOI Listing |
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