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Too big to purge: persistence of deleterious Mutations in Island populations of the European Barn Owl (Tyto alba). | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • A study analyzed 502 barn owls across European continental and island populations to assess inbreeding levels and their impact on extinction risk.
  • The results revealed that island populations exhibit higher inbreeding levels primarily due to smaller effective population sizes, rather than recent mating between closely related individuals.
  • The research also indicated that island populations have an increase in both neutral and harmful genetic variations, attributed to genetic drift and reduced selection effectiveness, but no signs of purging harmful alleles were found.

Article Abstract

A key aspect of assessing the risk of extinction/extirpation for a particular wild species or population is the status of inbreeding, but the origin of inbreeding and the current mutational load are also two crucial factors to consider when determining survival probability of a population. In this study, we used samples from 502 barn owls from continental and island populations across Europe, with the aim of quantifying and comparing the level of inbreeding between populations with differing demographic histories. In addition to comparing inbreeding status, we determined whether inbreeding is due to non-random mating or high co-ancestry within the population. We show that islands have higher levels of inbreeding than continental populations, and that this is mainly due to small effective population sizes rather than recent consanguineous mating. We assess the probability that a region is autozygous along the genome and show that this probability decreased as the number of genes present in that region increased. Finally, we looked for evidence of reduced selection efficiency and purging in island populations. Among island populations, we found an increase in numbers of both neutral and deleterious minor alleles, possibly as a result of drift and decreased selection efficiency but we found no evidence of purging.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11589586PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41437-024-00728-8DOI Listing

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