AI Article Synopsis
- Chemotherapy for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) often has severe side effects, prompting research into alternatives like antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) which could enhance treatment effectiveness.
- The study specifically investigates histatin, an AMP from human saliva, testing its anticancer potential when used alone and in combination with the chemotherapy drug cisplatin on HNSCC cell lines.
- Results indicate that histatin boosts the anti-proliferative effects of cisplatin, meaning lower doses of the drug might be needed to achieve the same therapeutic effect, potentially reducing side effects for patients.
Article Abstract
Background: Chemotherapy of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is associated with significant side effects. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are naturally occurring defense molecules like defensin-1 and LL-37 found in human secretions, have demonstrated potential in prompting tumor cell apoptosis and enhancing the effect of chemotherapeutic agents. However, the anticancer potential of histatin has not yet been thoroughly examined. The aim of the study was to explore the anticancer activity of histatin, an AMP present in human saliva and used alone or in combination with cisplatin in HNSCC cell lines.
Materials And Methods: The gene expression of histatin was evaluated in the HSC4 and SCC25 cell lines by qRT-PCR. Cell proliferation was investigated at different concentrations of histatin peptide (His-1), cisplatin, and their combination using an MTT assay.
Results: SCC25 cells expressed both HTN1 (histatin-1) and HTN3 (histatin-3), whereas the HSC4 cell line expressed only HTN1. The combination of exogenous His-1 and cisplatin demonstrated a synergistic anti-proliferative effect against the HNSCC cell lines in a dosedependent manner.
Conclusions: The combination of low-dose cisplatin and histatin inhibits HNSCC cell proliferation. His-1 sensitizes tumor cells to the cytotoxic effects of cisplatin potentially allowing for a reduction in its effective concentration.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/exp-oncology.2024.02.101 | DOI Listing |
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