Do plastic clean-up technologies work? What research does (and doesn't) tell us.

Plastic pollution harms all levels of ecosystems and organisms; therefore, global plastic pollution must be addressed at all plastic life cycle stages. One solution involves the clean-up and remediation of plastic pollution using technologies. To further our understanding of these technologies, we collated 102 clean-up technologies invented to prevent or collect plastic in aquatic environments and analyzed the non-peer-reviewed and peer-reviewed literature for effectiveness and ecological impact data. Across all available literature, effectiveness data were under-reported, lacked standardization, and were rarely tested by a neutral third party. This makes it difficult to make informed decisions when choosing which clean-up technology to deploy and evaluate the environmental impact of these technologies. Regulation and standardized reporting guidelines for clean-up technologies are an important next step for decision-makers interested in plastic pollution clean-up. As global interest in addressing plastic pollution grows, this research paves the path for the effective use of plastic clean-up technologies.