Eco-friendly solvents in liquid-liquid microextraction techniques for biological and environmental analysis: a critical review.

Anal Bioanal Chem

Laboratorio de Química Analítica Para Investigación y Desarrollo (QUIANID), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Instituto Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Básicas (ICB), CONICET UNCUYO, Padre J. Contreras 1300, (5500), Mendoza, Argentina.

Published: October 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • Green solvents are being used as safer alternatives to traditional organic solvents in analytical chemistry, reducing risks associated with toxicity and flammability.
  • The combination of green solvents with liquid-liquid microextraction techniques has led to more effective, quicker, and eco-friendly analysis methods for complex samples.
  • The review highlights recent developments in using various types of green solvents for extracting organic compounds and metals from biological and environmental samples, showcasing their benefits for improved analytical performance and sustainability.

Article Abstract

In recent years, green solvents have emerged as promising alternatives in the field of analytical chemistry, replacing conventional organic solvents known for their toxicity, volatility, and flammability. The combination of these solvents with liquid-liquid microextraction techniques has facilitated the development of simpler, faster, more economical, and environment-friendly methodologies for the analysis of samples of varying complexity. This review discusses the fundamental physicochemical properties and advantages of using deep eutectic solvents, ionic liquids, switchable-hydrophilicity solvents, supramolecular solvents, and surfactants as extractants. Furthermore, analytical methods based on liquid-liquid microextraction techniques developed in the last 5 years for the determination of organic compounds and metals in biological and environmental samples are presented and discussed, highlighting their applications and benefits to improve analytical performance and sustainability.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-024-05578-1DOI Listing

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