Synergistic Modulation of Sn Oxidation and Perovskite Crystallization Induced by 4-Hydroxypyridine for Stable Lead-Free Solar Cells.

ACS Appl Mater Interfaces

Key Laboratory for Organic Electronics and Information Displays (KLOEID) & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biosensors, Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Nanjing University of Posts & Telecommunications, 9 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China.

Published: October 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • * The introduction of 4-hydroxypyridine (4-HP) into the preparation process of tin perovskite films helps improve their quality by affecting the size of precursor clusters and slowing down crystal growth, while also reducing Sn oxidation.
  • * The result of using 4-HP is a notable increase in device power conversion efficiency (PCE) to 11.3% and enhanced stability, as devices maintain their initial efficiency after 2000 hours of storage in nitrogen.

Article Abstract

Tin perovskites present promising alternatives to lead perovskites, offering comparable optoelectronic properties alongside environmentally friendly characteristics. However, the rapid crystallization and easy oxidation of Sn lead to poor film quality, further constraining the device performance. Here, 4-hydroxypyridine (4-HP) is introduced into the tin perovskite precursor for fabrication of high-quality tin perovskite films. 4-HP could modulate the colloidal size of prenucleation perovskite clusters in the precursor, thus inducing fast nucleation and retarding the crystal growth rate of tin perovskite through the formation of chemical interaction between nitrogen of pyridine and Sn ions. Furthermore, the hydroxyl group on the pyridine ring contributes to suppressing the oxidation of Sn. As a result, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the devices based on 4-HP increases up to 11.3%. The stability of the unencapsulated devices shows significant improvement, retaining 100% of their initial PCEs after 2000 h of storage in N with 50-100 ppm of O. This research presents a novel approach to the synchronized regulation of tin perovskite crystallization and the suppression of Sn oxidation.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsami.4c14355DOI Listing

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