Clinical characteristics and diagnostic test for spherophakia: A retrospective analysis.

Background: This study aimed to analyze ocular characteristics in patients diagnosed with spherophakia, establish effective diagnostic criteria, and aid clinicians in prompt identification and management.

Methods: A retrospective case series identified spherophakia cases through medical records and literature searches. The case group included spherophakia patients, and the control group comprised individuals with similar eye conditions. Intraocular lens calculations used the SRK-T formula, and statistical analyses were performed using SPSS. Diagnostic efficacy was assessed through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.

Results: The study included 12 cases (23 eyes) from medical records and 86 patients (142 eyes) from literature sources. Characteristics of spherophakia included bilateral involvement, younger age, shallow anterior chamber depth, lens dislocation, and secondary glaucoma. A diagnostic criterion based on lens power demonstrated high sensitivity (94.3 %) and specificity (91.9 %). ROC analysis yielded area under the ROC curve (AUROC) values of 0.974 for lens power, outperforming refractive error (0.119), corneal curvature (0.465) and axial length (0.496). The lens power cutoff for diagnosing spherophakia was 31.25D.

Conclusion: The study offers crucial insights into spherophakia's clinical characteristics and presents a practical diagnostic criterion using lens power, enhancing early detection and management. Further research is needed to validate and refine these findings, establishing standardized diagnostic criteria for spherophakia.