AI Article Synopsis
- T cells are crucial in fighting cancer, and their growth and development are influenced by energy metabolism.
- Blocking immune checkpoints like PD-1 and CTLA-4 shows promise as a cancer treatment, with increasing research on the role of CD28 in T cell function.
- The study reviewed the interactions of key pathways (PD-1/CTLA-4/CD28 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR) to support better immunotherapy strategies for cancer patients.
Article Abstract
T cells play an important role in cancer, and energy metabolism can determine both the proliferation and differentiation of T cells. The inhibition of immune checkpoint molecules programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) are a promising cancer treatment. In recent years, research on CD28 has increased. Although numerous reports involve CD28 and its downstream PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling mechanisms in T cell metabolism, they have not yet been elucidated. A literature search strategy was used for the databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane Library to ensure broad coverage of medical and scientific literature, using a combination of keywords including, but not limited to, 'lung cancer' and 'immunotherapy'. Therefore, the present study reviewed the interaction and clinical application of the PD-1/CTLA-4/CD28 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways in T cells, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for immunotherapy in clinical cancer patients.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11465225 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/ol.2024.14700 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
PI3K/AKT/mTOR and PD‑1/CTLA‑4/CD28 pathways as key targets of cancer immunotherapy (Review).
Oncol Lett
December 2024
Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, P.R. China.
Article Synopsis
- T cells are crucial in fighting cancer, and their growth and development are influenced by energy metabolism.
- Blocking immune checkpoints like PD-1 and CTLA-4 shows promise as a cancer treatment, with increasing research on the role of CD28 in T cell function.
- The study reviewed the interactions of key pathways (PD-1/CTLA-4/CD28 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR) to support better immunotherapy strategies for cancer patients.
Dual targeting of mTOR/IL-17A and autophagy by fisetin alleviates psoriasis-like skin inflammation.
Front Immunol
February 2023
School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, United States.
Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory skin disorder characterized by epidermal hyperplasia and aberrant immune response. In addition to aberrant cytokine production, psoriasis is associated with activation of the Akt/mTOR pathway. mTOR/S6K1 regulates T-lymphocyte activation and migration, keratinocytes proliferation and is upregulated in psoriatic lesions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFish Oil and Selenium with Doxorubicin Modulates Expression of Fatty Acid Receptors and Selenoproteins, and Targets Multiple Anti-Cancer Signaling in Triple-negative Breast Cancer Tumors.
Int J Med Sci
December 2022
Taiwan Nutraceutical Association, Taipei 105, Taiwan.
Omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil (FO) and selenium (Se) potentiate some conventional therapies and have anticancer immune potential. This study aims to determine whether FO/Se modulates G-protein-coupled polyunsaturated fatty acid receptors (GPR-40 and GPR-120) and selenoproteins (Sel-H, Sel-W, and GPx4), and increases the therapeutic effect of doxorubicin in a dose-dependent manner on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) mouse. Mice were randomized into 5 groups (n = 7/group) and treated with physiological saline (control), low-dose doxorubicin, and doxorubicin in combination with low, medium, or high doses of FO/Se.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe immuno-oncological implications of insulin.
Life Sci
January 2021
Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
Emerging evidence has implicated insulin in regulating the phenotypes of various immune cells through canonical downstream signalling effectors of insulin, namely, the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Notably, these signalling components also exhibit crosstalk with other immune signalling pathways, such as the JAK/STAT pathway (activated by cytokines and growth factors), and, importantly, are also negatively regulated by the immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs), PD-1 and CTLA-4. Here, we point out recent findings, suggesting that insulin may promote a pro-inflammatory phenotype with potential implications on ICB therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFisetin, a 3,7,3',4'-Tetrahydroxyflavone Inhibits the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK Pathways and Ameliorates Psoriasis Pathology in 2D and 3D Organotypic Human Inflammatory Skin Models.
Cells
September 2019
Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated skin disease that involves the interaction of immune and skin cells, and is characterized by cytokine-driven epidermal hyperplasia, deviant differentiation, inflammation, and angiogenesis. Because the available treatments for psoriasis have significant limitations, dietary products are potential natural sources of therapeutic molecules, which can repair the molecular defects associated with psoriasis and could possibly be developed for its management. Fisetin (3,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavone), a phytochemical naturally found in pigmented fruits and vegetables, has demonstrated proapoptotic and antioxidant effects in several malignancies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!