Determination of partial orders of reactions in kinetics is a general entry step for any mechanistic investigation; recently, considerable attention has been given to the benefits of using visual methods to help in this task, such as easy utilization and data-efficiency. In this respect, we here revisit and improve the classic method by Powell and Margerison for kinetic analysis. For the first time, analytical equations for a bimolecular reaction have been worked out for all values of partial orders of reactions, and the solutions have been implemented in a free, open-access and easy-to-use Web-application, named IPLOT-VKA, which also allows estimation of the errors on the kinetic constant, and residual standard error on concentrations. Several examples, taken from reference teaching experiences and from recent literature in catalysis show the efficacy and accuracy of our approach, which also has the advantage of requiring less experimental runs than other visual methods currently available.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.202401914 | DOI Listing |
Inorg Chem
January 2025
Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China.
Dative bonds are typically polar, weaker, and longer than electron-sharing covalent bonds. The intriguing diatomic BeF anion uniquely exhibits triple Be-F dative bonding with a considerable bond dissociation energy (BDE) of 88 kcal/mol. Here, we report exceptionally strong dative-bonded systems, [CO]BeF and [CO]BeF, with BDE values exceeding 155 kcal/mol by integrating [CO] and [CO] groups into the BeF framework.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Pediatr Orthop
January 2025
Jackie and Gene Autry Orthopedic Center, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA.
Background: Orthopaedic surgical intervention in children with Charcot-Marie-Tooth (CMT) often includes triceps surae lengthening (TSL) and foot procedures to address instability and pain due to equinus and cavovarus deformities. These surgeries may unmask underlying weakness in this progressive disease causing increased calcaneal pitch and excessive dorsiflexion in terminal stance leading to crouch. The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in ankle function during gait following TSL surgery in children with CMT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Pharm
January 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, United States.
This investigation aimed to enhance transdermal methotrexate delivery through human skin by employing Dr. Pen microneedles and poly(d,l-lactide--glycolide) acid microparticles formulated from eight polymer grades (Expansorb DLG 95-4A, DLG 75-5A, DLG 50-2A, DLG 50-5A, DLG 50-8A, DLG 50-6P, DLG 50-7P, and DLL 10-15A). A comprehensive characterization of the microparticles was performed, encompassing various parameters such as size, charge, morphology, microencapsulation efficiency, yield, release kinetics, and chemical composition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Healthc Mater
January 2025
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, 325000, P. R. China.
Facilitating neuronal differentiation of stem cells and microenvironment remodeling are the key challenges in cell-based transplantation strategies for central nervous system regeneration. Herein, the study harnesses the intrinsic pro-neural differentiation potential of nerve-derived extracellular matrix (NDEM) and its specific affinity for cytokines to develop an NDEM-gelatin methacryloyl(gelMA)-based bifunctional hydrogel delivery system for stem cells and cytokines. This system promotes the neural differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and optimizes the therapeutic index of Interleukin-4 (IL-4) for spinal cord injury (SCI) treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Environ Health Sci Eng
June 2025
School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, 250101 P. R. China.
Unlabelled: The presence of bromate in water poses a significant health risk. In order to effectively eliminate bromate from water, this study synthesized a series of ternary Zn-Ni-Al layered double hydroxides with varying Zn/Ni/Al atomic ratios using a co-precipitation method. The adsorbents were characterized using various techniques including XRD, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and N adsorption-desorption isotherms.
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