AI Article Synopsis

  • The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of two blind source separation techniques (SOBI and ICA) against principal component analysis (PCA) for identifying cardiac triggers in 5D whole-heart MRI.
  • Data was collected from three different groups: healthy volunteers, congenital heart disease patients, and patients with suspected coronary artery disease, each undergoing MRI scans with different protocols.
  • Results showed SOBI provides more accurate and sharper cardiac triggers compared to PCA and ICA, demonstrating its reliability across varying patient conditions and noise levels.

Article Abstract

Purpose: To compare two blind source separation (BSS) techniques to principal component analysis and the electrocardiogram for the identification of cardiac triggers in self-gated free-running 5D whole-heart MRI. To ascertain the precision and robustness of the techniques, they were compared in three different noise and contrast regimes.

Methods: The repeated superior-inferior (SI) projections of a 3D radial trajectory were used to extract the physiological signals in three cardiac MRI cohorts: (1) 9 healthy volunteers without contrast agent injection at 1.5T, (2) 30 ferumoxytol-injected congenital heart disease patients at 1.5T, and (3) 12 gadobutrol-injected patients with suspected coronary artery disease at 3T. Self-gated cardiac triggers were extracted with the three algorithms (principal component analysis [PCA], second-order blind identification [SOBI], and independent component analysis [ICA]) and the difference with the electrocardiogram triggers was calculated. PCA and SOBI triggers were retained for image reconstruction. The image sharpness was ascertained on whole-heart 5D images obtained with PCA and SOBI and compared among the three cohorts.

Results: SOBI resulted in smaller trigger differences in Cohorts 1 and 3 compared to PCA (p < 0.01) and in all cohorts compared to ICA (p < 0.04). In Cohorts 1 and 3, the sharpness increased significantly in the reconstructed images when using SOBI instead of PCA (p < 0.03), but not in Cohort 2 (p = 0.4).

Conclusion: We have shown that SOBI results in more precisely extracted self-gated triggers than PCA and ICA. The validation across three diverse cohorts demonstrates the robustness of the method against acquisition variability.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.30322DOI Listing
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11680725PMC

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