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Long-term monitoring of the hypogeal Etruscan Tomba degli Scudi, Tarquinia, Italy. Early detection of black spots, investigation of fungal community, and evaluation of their biodeterioration potential. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • The study focuses on preserving the Etruscan Necropolis of Tarquinia, Italy, which has valuable painted tombs that are threatened by microbial growth.
  • Since 2016, researchers have been monitoring fungi in one of the tombs, known as the Tomba degli Scudi, to understand the cause of newly observed black spots on the artwork.
  • The findings reveal that the fungal strains discovered are commonly found in similar underground environments, highlighting the importance of ongoing monitoring for successful preservation efforts.

Article Abstract

Aims: Hypogeal environments with cultural heritage interest pose a real challenge for their preservation and conservation. The ancient Etruscan Necropolis of Tarquinia, Italy, consists of 200 tombs decorated with extraordinary mural paintings, of great artistic and historical value. Since the beginning of the restoration campaign in 2016, a regular microbiological survey has been performed in the Tomba degli Scudi. The aim of this study was to investigate the nature of an expansion of black spots on the pictorial layers recently observed.

Methods And Results: To determine the origin of the black spots in the atrium chamber of the Tomba degli Scudi, the fungal community was sampled using various techniques: cellulose discs, swabs, and nylon membranes and investigated by a multi-analytical approach. The obtained results suggest that the identified fungal strains (e.g. Gliomastix murorum and Pseudogymnoascus pannorum) are common to many subterranean environments around the world, such as Lascaux cave.

Conclusions: The continuous and long-term monitoring made it possible to detect alterations at an early stage and assess the harmfulness of different fungal strains. This work is a demonstration of the effectiveness of prevention and monitoring actions within these fragile and valuable environments.

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Source
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jambio/lxae258DOI Listing

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