AI Article Synopsis
- Olfactory carcinoma (OC) is a rare and often misdiagnosed tumor that lacks a standard treatment protocol, as there have been no successful long-term follow-up reports.
- In a case study, two male patients exhibited similar symptoms and were initially misdiagnosed with olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB), but further analysis confirmed high-grade OC; both underwent aggressive treatment, with one patient being disease-free after 7 years and the other showing no evidence of disease after 8 months.
- Accurate diagnosis is critical for effective treatment, and while OC worse outcomes than ONB, combined approaches like chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy can lead to positive results; further research and monitoring are needed to better understand OC.
Article Abstract
Introduction: Olfactory carcinoma (OC) is a rare tumor that is often misdiagnosed as olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB). Due to its rarity, there is no established standard treatment for OC, and there have been no reports of successful long-term follow-up treatment yet.
Case Presentation: Two male patients, aged 54 and 48 years, presented with similar symptoms of nasal obstruction, anosmia, facial swelling, and epistaxis. Imaging in both cases revealed large, locally advanced sinonasal neoplasms. Initial biopsies were concerning for ONB; however, final pathological analyses confirmed high-grade OC. Treatment comprised induction chemotherapy, extensive skull base tumor resection, adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, and reconstructive surgery in both cases. The 54-year-old remains disease-free at 7 years, while the 48-year-old demonstrates no evidence of disease at 8 months.
Conclusion: Accurate diagnostic differentiation is imperative to optimize a treatment approach. Although outcomes with OC tend to be worse than those of ONB, effective control can be achieved with judicious concurrent use of neoadjuvant, surgery, and adjuvant treatments. Ongoing surveillance, biobanking, and genomic analysis are crucial to gain a better understanding of this complex disease.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000541170 | DOI Listing |
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Article Synopsis
- The sinonasal tract includes two main tumor types with neuroectodermal differentiation: Olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) and the newly-recognized Olfactory carcinoma (OC).
- ONB is characterized as a keratin-negative tumor with a lobulated structure, while OC is keratin-positive and often has well-formed glands present.
- The review aims to clarify the clinical and diagnostic features of ONB and OC, and how they can be differentiated from other similar tumors in the sinonasal area.
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