extract abrogates traumatic brain injury-induced memory impairment in adult mice.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an increasing widespread cause of disability and mortality, typically leading to dementia and memory impairment.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the neuroprotective potential of extract against TBI induced memory impairment in adult albino mice.

Methods: Adult male mice were divided into four groups randomly: Control, extract alone, TBI alone and TBI plus extract. TBI induction was carried out in mice using a weight dropping method then extract (10 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally for two weeks. Morris water maze and Y-maze tests were used to measure memory improvement ability and Western blot technique was used to analyse the neuroinflammatory and synaptic protein markers.

Results: extract significantly decreased phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK), Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) proteins to reduce TBI-induced neuroinflammation accompanied by the restoration of both pre- and post-synaptic protein expression in adult mice model. Furthermore, extract enhanced both short and long-term spatial memory against TBI in adult mice model.

Conclusion: extract abrogated neuroinflammation mediated memory impairment in TBI mice model. Further research is needed to determine extract ingredients detail completely and to understand its mechanisms of neuroprotection in reducing memory impairments associated with traumatic brain injury and other neurodegenerative diseases.