AI Article Synopsis

  • Two experiments tested the use of seeds (PA) as a feed additive to reduce methane emissions in ruminants.
  • In Experiment 1, Hanwoo steers on a TMR-PA diet showed improved digestibility and significant reductions in methane and nitrogen excretion compared to the control group.
  • Experiment 2 confirmed that Holstein steers on the TMR-PA diet had lower rumen ammonia levels, increased short-chain fatty acids, and a notable decrease in rumen protozoa, indicating PA's potential as a natural supplement for reducing emissions.

Article Abstract

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the potential of seeds (PA) as an anti-methanogenic additive to ruminant feed. In experiment 1, six Hanwoo steers (459.0 ± 25.8 kg) were fed either a total mixed ration (TMR; 32-d period) or TMR supplemented with PA at 5% dry matter (DM) intake (TMR-PA; 45-d period) for two consecutive periods. Fecal and urine outputs were measured in an apparent digestibility trial in both periods. Methane (CH) yield and heat energy (HE) were measured using respiratory chambers equipped with gas analyzers. In experiment 2, five rumen cannulated Holstein steers (744 ± 35 kg) were fed the same TMR or TMR-PA diets for 40 days; rumen samples were collected at 0, 1.5, and 3 h after feeding on the last day of the feeding period. In experiment 1, although there were no differences ( > 0.05) in nutrients or gross energy intake (GEI) between the groups, an increase ( < 0.05) in the apparent digestibility of DM (9.1%) and neutral detergent fiber (22.9%) was observed in the TMR-PA fed Hanwoo steers. Pronounced decreases ( < 0.05) in CH (g/Kg DM; 17.1%) and urinary N excretion (% N intake; 7.6%) were observed in the TMR-PA group, leading to a 14.7% increase in metabolizable energy intake (% GEI). However, only a numerical increase ( > 0.05) in retained energy was observed due to the increase in HE loss. In experiment 2, a drastic decrease ( < 0.05) in rumen ammonia concentration (56.3%) associated with an increased ( = 0.091) rumen short-chain fatty acid concentration 1.5 h after feeding were observed in TMR-PA fed Holstein steers. A 26.6% increase ( < 0.05) in the propionate proportion during the treatment period clearly reflected a shift in the ruminal H sink after 3 h of feeding. A 40% reduction ( = 0.067) in the relative abundance of rumen protozoa was also observed. It was concluded that PA could be a natural feed additive for CH and N emission abatement.

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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11459670PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2024.1467077DOI Listing

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Article Synopsis
  • Two experiments tested the use of seeds (PA) as a feed additive to reduce methane emissions in ruminants.
  • In Experiment 1, Hanwoo steers on a TMR-PA diet showed improved digestibility and significant reductions in methane and nitrogen excretion compared to the control group.
  • Experiment 2 confirmed that Holstein steers on the TMR-PA diet had lower rumen ammonia levels, increased short-chain fatty acids, and a notable decrease in rumen protozoa, indicating PA's potential as a natural supplement for reducing emissions.
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