Nanobiotechnology boosts ferroptosis: opportunities and challenges.

J Nanobiotechnology

Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China.

Published: October 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • Ferroptosis is a special type of cell death that is different from other types like apoptosis and necrosis, and it happens because of iron-related processes in the body.
  • * Since it was discovered in 2012, scientists have been paying a lot of attention to ferroptosis, as it may help in treating cancer and could overcome the problem of drug resistance.
  • * There’s a lot of potential for using nanotechnology to improve treatments related to ferroptosis, but more research is needed to understand how it can help with various diseases beyond cancer, like brain and heart diseases.

Article Abstract

Ferroptosis, distinct from apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy, is a unique type of cell death driven by iron-dependent phospholipid peroxidation. Since ferroptosis was defined in 2012, it has received widespread attention from researchers worldwide. From a biochemical perspective, the regulation of ferroptosis is strongly associated with cellular metabolism, primarily including iron metabolism, lipid metabolism, and redox metabolism. The distinctive regulatory mechanism of ferroptosis holds great potential for overcoming drug resistance-a major challenge in treating cancer. The considerable role of nanobiotechnology in disease treatment has been widely reported, but further and more systematic discussion on how nanobiotechnology enhances the therapeutic efficacy on ferroptosis-associated diseases still needs to be improved. Moreover, while the exciting therapeutic potential of ferroptosis in cancer has been relatively well summarized, its applications in other diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and kidney disease, remain underreported. Consequently, it is necessary to fill these gaps to further complete the applications of nanobiotechnology in ferroptosis. In this review, we provide an extensive introduction to the background of ferroptosis and elaborate its regulatory network. Subsequently, we discuss the various advantages of combining nanobiotechnology with ferroptosis to enhance therapeutic efficacy and reduce the side effects of ferroptosis-associated diseases. Finally, we analyze and discuss the feasibility of nanobiotechnology and ferroptosis in improving clinical treatment outcomes based on clinical needs, as well as the current limitations and future directions of nanobiotechnology in the applications of ferroptosis, which will not only provide significant guidance for the clinical applications of ferroptosis and nanobiotechnology but also accelerate their clinical translations.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11460037PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12951-024-02842-5DOI Listing

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