AI Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the size and function of the left atrium in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (CKCS) with mitral valve disease across different ACVIM stages.
- It finds that certain echocardiographic measures, like left atrial diameter normalized by body weight and various volume measurements, show significant differences between the classes of the disease's progression.
- Results indicate that active left atrial emptying is enhanced in early-stage dogs (ACVIM B1) but decreases in symptomatic cases (C/D), highlighting the presence of atrial remodeling and dysfunction as the disease advances.
Article Abstract
Background: The correct assessment of left atrial size and function is essential to evaluate the severity of degenerative mitral valve disease in dogs.
Hypothesis/objectives: Evaluate left atrial (LA) dimension and function in Cavalier King Charles Spaniel (CKCS) at different ACVIM stages and the accuracy of linear and volumetric indexes to assess LA enlargement.
Animals: One hundred and ninety-eight privately owned CKCS.
Methods: Multicentric prospective observational cross-sectional study. Dogs underwent an echocardiographic exam for breed screening or cardiac examination. Linear and volumetric echocardiographic LA size and function indexes were compared between classes.
Results: Dogs were allocated as follows: 43 in class ACVIM A, 58 ACVIM B1, 55 ACVIM B2, and 42 ACVIM C/D. Only LA anteroposterior diameter normalized on body weight (LADn) and LA maximal, minimal and P volumes (LAV, LAV, LAV) differed across all pairwise comparisons. Active LA emptying fraction (aLAEF) was higher in class B1 compared to class A (P < .001), and then decreased in class C/D compared to class B2 (P < .001). This suggests an increase in the left atrial active component due to the Frank-Starling mechanism in ACVIM B1 dogs, and the presence of atrial dysfunction in symptomatic dogs.
Conclusions And Clinical Importance: The LADn and LAV are higher in CKCS in class ACVIM B1 compared to class ACVIM A, suggesting the presence of LA remodelling at the early stages of the disease. Atrial dysfunction is evident in symptomatic dogs.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105428 | DOI Listing |
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