Association Between the Aggregate Index of Systemic Inflammation and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Retrospective Study.

Purpose: The Aggregate Index of Systemic Inflammation (AISI) has emerged as a novel marker for inflammation and prognosis, but its role in patients with acute myocardial infarction has not been studied. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the impact of different AISI levels on the clinical outcomes of patients with acute myocardial infarction.

Patients And Methods: This study was a retrospective study, including 1044 patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) who were treated at the Fujian Medical University Affiliated Union Hospital, China from May 2017 to December 2022. The patients were divided into high and low AISI groups based on the median value (Q1 Group, ≤ 416.15, n=522; Q2 Group, ≥ 416.16, n=522), and the differences in baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes between the two groups were analyzed. The primary outcome included major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs), while the secondary outcomes included contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) risk and all-cause rehospitalization rate.

Results: The findings of the single-factor analysis suggest that a significant association between high AISI levels and the occurrence of MACCEs in AMI patients. After adjusting for confounding factors, the results indicated that compared to Q1, patients in the Q2 group had a higher risk of all-cause mortality [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 4.64; 95% CI 1.37-15.72; =0.032], new-onset atrial fibrillation (aOR 1.75; 95% CI 1.02-3.00; =0.047), and CIN (aOR 1.75; 95% CI 1.02-3.01; =0.043), with all differences being statistically significant.

Conclusion: In the population of AMI patients, an elevated AISI level is significantly associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular death and can serve as an early marker for adverse prognosis.