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The Influence of Migration Timing and Local Conditions on Reproductive Timing in Arctic-Breeding Birds.
Ecol Evol
January 2025
Wildlife Research Division Environment and Climate Change Canada Ottawa Ontario Canada.
For birds breeding in the Arctic, nest success is affected by the timing of nest initiation, which is partially determined by local conditions such as snow cover. However, conditions during the non-breeding season can carry over to affect the timing of breeding. We used tracking and breeding data from 248 individuals of 8 species and subspecies of Arctic-breeding shorebirds to estimate how the timing of nest initiation is related to local conditions like snowmelt phenology versus prior conditions, measured by the timing and speed of migration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFShellfish and shorebirds from the East-Asian Australian flyway as bioindicators for unknown per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances using the total oxidizable precursor assay.
J Hazard Mater
January 2025
NILU, Fram Centre, Tromsø 9296, Norway; Norwegian Institute for Public Health, Oslo, Norway. Electronic address:
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have gained significant global attention due to their extensive industrial use and harmful effects on various organisms. Among these, perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are well-studied, but their diverse precursors remain challenging to monitor. The Total Oxidizable Precursor (TOP) assay offers a powerful approach to converting these precursors into detectable PFAAs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFShorebirds Are Shrinking and Shape-Shifting: Declining Body Size and Lengthening Bills in the Past Half-Century.
Ecol Lett
December 2024
Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia.
Animals are predicted to shrink and shape-shift as the climate warms, declining in size, while their appendages lengthen. Determining which types of species are undergoing these morphological changes, and why, is critical to understanding species responses to global change, including potential adaptation to climate warming. We examine body size and bill length changes in 25 shorebird species using extensive field data (> 200,000 observations) collected over 46 years (1975-2021) by community scientists.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrace element contamination in three shorebird species migrating through Delaware Bay, New Jersey: arsenic, mercury and selenium are increasing.
Ecotoxicology
January 2025
Environmental Sciences Graduate Program, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Article Synopsis
- - Many shorebird populations are in decline, and contaminants may be affecting their feeding, migration, and breeding success.
- - The study focused on trace element concentrations in red knots, sanderlings, and ruddy turnstones during spring migration in Delaware Bay, comparing levels between 2011-2012 and 2019, and found significant increases in arsenic, selenium, and mercury.
- - The research suggests that shorebirds can serve as bioindicators for monitoring toxic trace elements in estuaries, providing early warnings of environmental changes.
Serological analysis in humans in Malaysian Borneo suggests prior exposure to H5 avian influenza near migratory shorebird habitats.
Nat Commun
October 2024
Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Article Synopsis
- Cases of H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza are increasing, with a high mortality rate of 60% in humans, although no human infections have been reported in Malaysian Borneo despite circulation in local poultry and migratory birds.
- Deforestation in coastal areas may bring humans closer to these migratory birds, raising the risk of zoonotic spillover events, where diseases jump from animals to humans.
- A recent survey of over 10,000 individuals found evidence of exposure to H5 viruses, indicating potential human contact with the virus, and emphasizes the need for enhanced surveillance of cross-species pathogen transmission in areas where humans and migratory birds interact.
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