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A register-based cohort study on the effectiveness and Safety of anti-PCSK9 treatment in persons with hyperlipidemia. | LitMetric

AI Article Synopsis

  • Dyslipidemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and while statins are commonly used, PCSK9 inhibitors like alirocumab and evolocumab are effective alternatives for lowering LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) levels.
  • A study in Denmark analyzed data from 907 patients who switched from alirocumab to evolocumab, finding that both medications equally reduced LDL-C levels and did not significantly impact major cardiovascular events (MACE).
  • The results indicate that alirocumab and evolocumab can be considered interchangeable treatments in managing dyslipidemia, providing useful insights for clinicians in lipid management.

Article Abstract

Background: Dyslipidemia is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. While statins are the primary treatment, some individuals require additional lipid-lowering therapies, such as proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors. Alirocumab and evolocumab have shown efficacy in reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and reduce the risk of major cardiovascular events (MACE) but have not been directly compared in clinical trials. This study aims to assess the effects of PCSK9 inhibitors on LDL-C levels and evaluate the impact of a mandated switch from alirocumab to evolocumab.

Methods: Taking advantage of the mandated switch in PCSK9 treatment in Denmark, we conducted a register-based cohort study of 907 individuals with dyslipidemia treated with PCSK9 inhibitors in the Capital Region of Denmark from 2016 to 2022. We analyzed LDL-C levels, treatment retention, and MACE, adjusting for variables such as age, sex, dose, and concurrent lipid-lowering medications.

Results: We show that PCSK9 inhibitors treatment resulted in a 49% reduction in LDL-C levels. Following a mandated switch from alirocumab to evolocumab, no significant difference was observed in LDL-C levels or adverse clinical outcomes, including MACE. Treatment discontinuation was most likely within the first 100 days, and no significant difference in discontinuation rates was found between the two drugs.

Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that both alirocumab and evolocumab are effective in significantly reducing LDL-C levels in individuals with dyslipidemia. The mandated switch from alirocumab to evolocumab did not result in significant changes in LDL-C or clinical outcomes, suggesting that these treatments can be used interchangeably. These findings support the clinical equivalence of the two PCSK9 inhibitors and may guide therapeutic decisions in lipid management.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11458803PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s43856-024-00611-xDOI Listing

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