Prognostic value of body composition measures in breast cancer patients treated with chemotherapy.

Sci Rep

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, 13488, Republic of Korea.

Published: October 2024

AI Article Synopsis

  • Breast cancer poses serious health challenges and can lead to side effects like neutropenia, indicating a need for better predictors of patient outcomes.
  • This study analyzed 85 breast cancer patients to assess how body composition, measured via CT or PET scans, relates to mortality, recurrence, and chemotherapy-related neutropenia.
  • Findings showed that lower muscle mass at diagnosis is linked to higher mortality and increased risk of severe neutropenia, suggesting that body composition analysis could help forecast clinical outcomes for these patients.*

Article Abstract

Breast cancer remains a significant public health issue, often resulting in severe side effects such as neutropenia, highlighting the need for reliable predictors of clinical outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of body composition measures for mortality, recurrence, and chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in patients with breast cancer following surgery and chemotherapy. We retrospectively analyzed 85 breast cancer patients who underwent surgery and chemotherapy between 2006 and 2016. Body composition was assessed using computed tomography (CT) or positron emission tomography (PET) at diagnosis and three years and five years post-diagnosis. Metrics included skeletal muscle area (SMA), skeletal muscle index (SMI), subcutaneous adipose tissue area (SAT), and visceral adipose tissue area (VAT). Longitudinal analysis revealed a decrease in muscle mass (P < 0.001 for both SMA and SMI) and nonsignificant changes in fat mass (P = 0.449 for SAT and P = 0.798 for VAT). A lower SMI at diagnosis was significantly associated with increased mortality (P = 0.019) and a higher incidence of grade 4 neutropenia (P = 0.008). There was no significant association between SMI at diagnosis and recurrence (P = 0.691). No associations were found between body composition measurements during the follow-up period and the clinical outcomes. Lower skeletal muscle mass at diagnosis is strongly associated with higher mortality and chemotherapy-induced complications in patients with breast cancer, highlighting the potential of readily available imaging techniques as valuable predictors of clinical outcomes.

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Source
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11458607PMC
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-74060-wDOI Listing

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