AI Article Synopsis
- Modern neuroscience aims to understand the complex connections among neuronal populations in the brain, a goal made feasible by recent technological advancements.
- New optical methods and genetically engineered indicators allow researchers to study and manipulate the activity of large groups of neurons, particularly in translucent larval zebrafish.
- The authors present a custom optical system that integrates advanced imaging and stimulation techniques, enabling them to noninvasively reconstruct neuronal connectivity in a specific brain region called the habenula.
Article Abstract
One of the most audacious goals of modern neuroscience is unraveling the complex web of causal relations underlying the activity of neuronal populations on a whole-brain scale. This endeavor, which was prohibitive only a couple of decades ago, has recently become within reach owing to the advancements in optical methods and the advent of genetically encoded indicators/actuators. These techniques, applied to the translucent larval zebrafish have enabled recording and manipulation of the activity of extensive neuronal populations spanning the entire vertebrate brain. Here, we present a custom two-photon optical system that couples light-sheet imaging and 3D excitation with acousto-optic deflectors for simultaneous high-speed volumetric recording and optogenetic stimulation. By employing a zebrafish line with pan-neuronal expression of both the calcium reporter GCaMP6s and the red-shifted opsin ReaChR, we implemented a crosstalk-free, noninvasive all-optical approach and applied it to reconstruct the functional and effective connectivity of the left habenula.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11452506 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42003-024-06731-3 | DOI Listing |
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Article Synopsis
- Isopropylated phenyl phosphates (IPP) are organophosphate flame retardants used in various products, but their leaching raises toxicity concerns due to limited toxicological studies.
- Using zebrafish embryos, the study found significant biological disruptions, including morphological changes and alterations in dopamine levels, alongside behavioral deficits at low concentrations.
- Further analysis indicated IPP inhibits retinoic acid receptor activity and caused hypermethylation in embryos, with distinct impacts observed in the eyes, revealing changes in genes related to nervous system functions.
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