Severity: Warning
Message: Undefined array key "choices"
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 249
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 249
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 249
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 249
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 249
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: strpos(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($haystack) of type string is deprecated
Filename: models/Detail_model.php
Line Number: 71
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/models/Detail_model.php
Line: 71
Function: strpos
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 252
Function: insertAPISummary
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: 8192
Message: str_replace(): Passing null to parameter #3 ($subject) of type array|string is deprecated
Filename: helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line Number: 8919
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/helpers/my_audit_helper.php
Line: 8919
Function: str_replace
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 255
Function: formatAIDetailSummary
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Undefined array key "choices"
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 256
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 256
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 256
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 256
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 256
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 256
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Undefined array key "usage"
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 257
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 257
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 257
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 257
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Undefined array key "usage"
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 258
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 258
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 258
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 258
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Undefined array key "usage"
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 259
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 259
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 259
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 259
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Undefined array key "usage"
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 260
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 260
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 260
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 260
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Severity: Warning
Message: Trying to access array offset on value of type null
Filename: controllers/Detail.php
Line Number: 260
Backtrace:
File: /var/www/html/application/controllers/Detail.php
Line: 260
Function: _error_handler
File: /var/www/html/index.php
Line: 316
Function: require_once
Background: Emerging clinical and epidemiological data indicates that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is associated with an increased risk of stroke and aggravated brain damage. We aimed to develop a reproducible murine model of photothrombotic-stroke with HIV infection that mimics the clinical situation.
Method: To evaluate the impact of HIV infection on stroke, male C57BL/6 mice were infected with EcoHIV (p24 2-4 × 10/mouse; i.v.) or mock control. Four weeks post-infection, a stroke was induced by the photothrombotic method (pt-MCAO). After 72 h, a catwalk test was performed for gait impairments, and mice were euthanized for stroke outcomes.
Results: EcoHIV-infection exhibited a larger infarction, brain edema, higher IgG extravasation, hemorrhagic transformation, and gait impairments following pt-MCAO vs mock control. EcoHIV-infected mice showed higher levels of IFN-y and lower levels of IL-6, indicating immune activation without affecting IL-1β and MCP-1 in plasma and brain compared to mock pt-MCAO, suggesting unaltered inflammation. EcoHIV-infection showed increased oxidative stress markers (nitrotyrosine, and 4-hydroxynonenal) and thioredoxin interacting protein expression. Further, EcoHIV-infection significantly activated the microglia and astrocyte cells.
Conclusions: This animal model would be reliable and clinically relevant to future studies investigating pathophysiological mechanisms and developing new therapeutic approaches in stroke patients with HIV conditions.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149256 | DOI Listing |
NMR Biomed
February 2025
CIBM Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) enables the simultaneous noninvasive acquisition of MR spectra from multiple spatial locations inside the brain. Although H-MRSI is increasingly used in the human brain, it is not yet widely applied in the preclinical setting, mostly because of difficulties specifically related to very small nominal voxel size in the rat brain and low concentration of brain metabolites, resulting in low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In this context, we implemented a free induction decay H-MRSI sequence (H-FID-MRSI) in the rat brain at 14.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
December 2024
Institute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, 07740, Jena, Germany.
Brain organoids offer unprecedented insights into brain development and disease modeling and hold promise for drug screening. Significant hindrances, however, are morphological and cellular heterogeneity, inter-organoid size differences, cellular stress, and poor reproducibility. Here, we describe a method that reproducibly generates thousands of organoids across multiple hiPSC lines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNMR Biomed
January 2025
Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California, USA.
Myelin is essential in the nervous system of mammals. As the location and degree of myelin loss can reflect varied pathophysiological status, noninvasive measurement of myelin is of high importance. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique of myelin water fraction (MWF) derived from multi-echo gradient echo (MGRE) sequence is a promising tool for the quantification of myelin content due to the low specific absorption rate (SAR) compared with the spin-echo sequence, time efficiency, and wide availability.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArq Bras Cardiol
November 2024
Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP - Brasil.
Background: D-limonene (D-L) is the major monocyclic monoterpene in citrus plants with anti-inflammatory properties. Pulmonary hypertension (PH) can cause right heart dysfunction and increases the risk of death, partially due to inflammatory response in the heart.
Objective: To evaluate the possible protective effect of D-L on cardiac function in a rat model of monocrotaline-induced PH (MCT-PH).
Biomed Chromatogr
January 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vignan's Foundation for Science, Technology and Research, Guntur, India.
Vactosertib, an inhibitor of transforming growth factor β-receptor type-1 (TGFBR1) effective in preventing tumor cell proliferation, is approved for treating various cancers by FDA. The literature revealed that no LC-MS/MS method was reported for the quantification of vactosertib. To develop a validated LC-MS/MS method for the quantification of vactosertib in rat plasma, vactosertib and cabozantinib (internal standard [IS]) were detected using Waters LC-MS/MS system in MRM positive ionization mode, with a mixture of 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!