A distinct model of neutral evolution of rare cancer mutations is described and contrasted with models relying on the infinite sites approximation (that a specific mutation arises in only one cell at any instant). An explosion of genetic diversity is predicted at clinical cell numbers and may explain the progressive refractoriness of cancers during a clinical course. The widely used infinite sites assumption may not be applicable for clinical cancers.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41540-024-00436-3 | DOI Listing |
PLoS One
January 2025
Faculty of Geography, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.
The border line between Bulgaria and Romania was established a century ago on the Danube River's thalweg, going around islands. Over time, islands migrated; to avoid conflicts, islands located on the border line are declared neutral territory by both countries and they exit from use. In this context, the paper aims to draw conclusions on the spatial dynamics of the Danube River's sandy islands along the Bulgaria-Romania border.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLaser absorption spectroscopy (LAS) is a well-established measurement technique for quantitative chemical speciation in a combustion environment. However, LAS measurement of nitric oxide (NO) in ammonia flames has never been reported in the literature. This is despite the community's recent strong interest in carbon-neutral ammonia combustion and the associated NO formation problem.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Fish Biol
January 2025
Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, National Institute for Amazonian Research, Manaus, Brazil.
Optical characterization of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) freshly collected from the circumneutral "white water" of the Rio Solimoes revealed that it had lower aromaticity, lower molecular weight, and a greater autochthonous content than DOC from the acidic "black water" of the Rio Negro. The tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum), a characid member of the Serrasalmidae, is a model neotropical fish that migrates annually between the two rivers. We analysed ionoregulatory responses of the tambaqui over 24 h in ion-poor water at pH 7.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Hazard Mater
January 2025
Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Environmental & Energy Technology, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.
Surface defect engineering has been regarded as an appealing strategy to improve photocatalytic performance, but defects are susceptible to inactivation and thus lose their function as active sites. In this study, we successfully tailored and identified the dynamic evolution of surface hydroxyl defects over ZnTi-layered double hydroxide (ZnTi-LDH) photocatalyst. The enrichment of surface hydroxyl electrons and the dynamic circulation of hydroxyl defects result in enhanced separation and transport capabilities of photogenerated carriers, thereby ensuring the perpetual activation of small molecules into •O and •OH.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, GR-451 10 Ioannina, Greece.
This paper describes the production and high-current-density hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance in the whole pH range (from acidic to basic pH values) of self-supported α-MoB/β-MoB ceramic electrodes, aiming for use in industrial electrocatalytic water splitting. Tape-casting and phase-inversion process, followed by sintering, were employed to synthesize self-supported β-MoB ceramic electrodes, which exhibited well arranged large finger-like pores, providing numerous active sites and channels for electrolyte entry and hydrogen release. The reaction between β-MoB and the sintering aid of MoO produces α-MoB/β-MoB heterojunctions, which significantly improve the electrocatalytic performance.
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