Selenium absorption, translocation and biotransformation in pak choi (Brassica chinensis L.) after foliar application of selenium nanoparticles.

Diets consisting of selenium-deficient crops are associated with immune disorders and cardiomyopathy. Compared to the extensively used but highly toxic selenite (SeO), low-toxicity selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have emerged as a promising nanoplatform for Se biofortification in agriculture; however, the mechanisms underlying their transportation and biotransformation within crops remain elusive. In this study, SeNPs were successfully prepared using liquid-phase laser irradiation. We conducted a comparative study on the effects of foliar application of SeO and SeNPs on the growth of pak choi (Brassica chinensis L.), and investigated the absorption, translocation, and biotransformation mechanisms of Se in pak choi. The recommended dietary intake can be effectively achieved by applying SeNPs using leaf-spraying techniques. Our findings suggested that foliar application of SeNPs might be an efficient way to produce Se fortified crops, especially leafy vegetables, which are favorable for human health.