AI Article Synopsis
- Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative condition that leads to cognitive decline and increased pain, with limited effective treatments available, prompting interest in the gut microbiome's role in AD development.
- The review discusses how the gut microbiota communicates with the brain, highlighting the impact of microbial metabolites on key aspects of AD pathology and exploring potential interventions, such as probiotics and fecal transplants, to improve outcomes.
- Although the exact molecular mechanisms by which gut microbes influence AD remain unclear, there is a suggestion for a holistic treatment approach that includes a healthy lifestyle and targeted microbiome therapies to enhance gut health and potentially mitigate AD symptoms.
Article Abstract
Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive decline in cognitive function, which significantly increases pain and social burden. However, few therapeutic interventions are effective in preventing or mitigating the progression of AD. An increasing number of recent studies support the hypothesis that the gut microbiome and its metabolites may be associated with upstream regulators of AD pathology.
Methods: In this review, we comprehensively explore the potential mechanisms and currently available interventions targeting the microbiome for the improvement of AD. Our discussion is structured around modern research advancements in AD, the bidirectional communication between the gut and brain, the multi-target regulatory effects of microbial metabolites on AD, and therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating gut microbiota to manage AD.
Results: The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of AD through continuous bidirectional communication via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Among these, microbial metabolites such as lipids, amino acids, bile acids and neurotransmitters, especially sphingolipids and phospholipids, may serve as central components of the gut-brain axis, regulating AD-related pathogenic mechanisms including β-amyloid metabolism, Tau protein phosphorylation, and neuroinflammation. Additionally, interventions such as probiotic administration, fecal microbiota transplantation, and antibiotic use have also provided evidence supporting the association between gut microbiota and AD. At the same time, we propose an innovative strategy for treating AD: a healthy lifestyle combined with targeted probiotics and other potential therapeutic interventions, aiming to restore intestinal ecology and microbiota balance.
Conclusion: Despite previous efforts, the molecular mechanisms by which gut microbes act on AD have yet to be fully described. However, intestinal microorganisms may become an essential target for connecting the gut-brain axis and improving the symptoms of AD. At the same time, it requires joint exploration by multiple centers and multiple disciplines.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11442227 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2024.1459655 | DOI Listing |
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